专题04 宾语从句（原卷版）（九年级英语寒假讲义（人教新目标版））.docxVIP

宾语从句 一．知识解析 　　宾语从句属于名词性从句,其连接词及作用见下表: 连接词 连接词的作用 例句 that 本身无意义,只起连接作用,在口语中可省略 He said(that)Kate was good at swimming.他说凯特擅长游泳。 what,which,who,whose,whom等连接代词 在从句中作一定的成分,如主语、宾语、定语等 I don’t know what they are going to do.我不知道他们打算干什么。 when(表时间),where(表地点),why(表原因),how(表方式)等连接副词 在从句中作状语 Could you tell me where you are from?你能告诉我你来自哪儿吗? Do you know how they found the place?你知道他们是怎么找到那个地方的吗? if/whether (是否) 不作句子成分,但不能省略 He asked me if Miss Gao was a teacher.他问我高小姐是否是一位老师。 　　1.宾语从句的时态 (1)如果主句是现在的某种时态(包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时),那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如: I remember he gave me a book yesterday. 我记得他昨天给了我一本书。 He has told me that he’ll leave for New York tomorrow. 他已告诉我明天他就动身去纽约了。 (2)如果主句是过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行时),那么宾语从句一般要用过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。如: He told me that he would take part in the competition. 他告诉我他将会参加比赛。 (3)如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理,即使主句是一般过去时,从句也用一般现在时态。如: He told me that the earth is round.(真理) 他告诉我地球是圆的。 2.宾语从句的语序 宾语从句要用陈述句语序。在把两个独立的句子连成一个含有宾语从句的复合句时,要特别注意从句的语序,即按照主语、谓语的顺序。如: What’s Kate’s e-mail address?Do you know? =Do you know what Kate’s e-mail address is? 你知道凯特的电子邮件地址吗? 3.宾语从句的连接词 (1)that引导的宾语从句。如: “She is a good girl,”the teacher told us. =The teacher told us(that) she was a good girl. 老师告诉我们她是一个好女孩。 注意:that一般可以省略,但是当两个或多个宾语从句由并列连词连接时,除第一个从句中的that可以省略外,其余从句中的that 都不可以省略。如: He said (that) the film was very interesting and that he enjoyed seeing it very much. 他说这部电影非常有趣,并且他非常喜欢看。 (2)特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。如: When did he leave for Japan?Could you tell me? =Could you tell me when he left for Japan? 你能告诉我他什么时候去的日本吗? 4.否定转移 在主从复合句中,当主句的主语为第一人称,谓语动词是think,believe,suppose等时,要将宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中,即主句的谓语动词用否定式,而宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定式。如: I don’t think he will come with you. 我认为他不会和你一起来。 5.宾语从句的简化 (1)当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,agree,choose等时,从句可简化为不定式结构。如: I hope that I can receive your e-mail. =I hope to receive your e-mail. 我希望能收到你的电子邮件。 (2)当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是know,remember,forget,learn 等,从句由疑问词引导时,从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。如: She doesn’t know what she should do next. =She doesn’t kn