2024届高考英语复习语法知识汇总讲解（形容词+副词+冠词）讲义素材.docxVIP

PAGE 0 高考英语语法知识讲解 一、形容词（比较级和最高级） （一）形容词的比较级和最高级的变换形式 ⒈ 在形容词词尾加上-er，-est构成比较级、最高级。 ⒉ 双写最后一个字母，再加上一er、-est构成比较级、最高级。 ⒊ 以不发音的字母e结尾的形容词，加上-r，-st构成比较级、最高级。 ⒋ 以字母y结尾的形容词，把y改为i，再加上-er、-est构成比较级、最高级。 ⒌ 双音节、多音节形容词，在单词前面加上-morel-mo成比较级、最高级。 ⒍不规则变化的形容词。 （二）原级用法 ⒈ 原级比较 as+形容词或副词原级+as ① 在否定句或疑问句中可用so.…as。例 【例】He can not run so fast as you. ② 当as.…as中间有名词时采用以下格式 as +形容词+a+数名词as+many/much+名词 【例】This is as good an example as the other is. I can carry as much paper as you can. ③ 用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时，放在as的前面。 【例】This room is twice as big as that one.I can carry as much paper as you can. ④ 用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时，放在as的前面。 【例】This room is twice as big as thatYour room is the same size as mine. ⒉ 倍数表达法 ① A is three(four, etc) times the size (height,length etc.)of B. 【例】The new building is four times the size(the height)of the old one.这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大（高）/这座新楼比那座旧楼大（高）三倍。 ② A is three(four, etc.) times as big (high,long,etc.)as B. 【例】Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大/亚洲比欧洲大三倍。 ③ A is three (four etc.) times bigger (higher, longer etc.) than B. 【例】Your school is three times bigger than ours.你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。 用times表倍数通常用于三倍以上，两倍可以用twice或double. （三）形容词比较级的用法 形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较，结构形式如下 ⒈ A+is/ arm/are 形容词比较级+than+B 【例】She is taller thanTom is more athletic than Sam. ⒉ 比较级+and+比较级，表示“越来越”例 【例】warmer and warmernicer and nicermore and more beautiful ⒊ the+比较级……，the+比较级…… 【例】The more you read the book, the more interesting you found. ⒋?比较级的修饰语有much,far,even,a little,a bit,a lot 等。 【例】He made fewer mistakes than I did.He is even richer than I. （四）形容词最高级的用法 形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较，其结构形式为 主语+谓语（系动词）+the +形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句，比较常用在in，of 或among的结构中，形容词最高级前+the. 【例】I am the best of the three.He is the thinnest boy in my class. （五）重点与难点 ⒈ 形容词原级表示比较级含义 【例】John is not so stupid as Mike.John is less stupid than Mike.John is cleverer than Mike.约翰不象迈克那么笨。 ⒉ 用比较级表示最高级 【例】约翰是班里最高的男生。John is taller than any other boy in the class.John is the tallest boy in the class.John is taller than any other boy. ⒊ the