阅读教程第二版 蒋静仪 Unit 4.pdfVIP

Unit4SleepandDreams SSttaaggeess ooff sslleeeepp ■ In mammals and birds, sleep is divided into two broad types:Rapid EyeMovement (REM) and Non-Rapid EyeMovement (NREM or non-REM) sleep Each type has a distinct set of associated physiological, neurological, and psychological features TheAmerican Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) further dividesNREM into three stages:N1, N2, and N3, the last of which is also called delta, or slow-wave, sleep (SWS) ■ Sleep cycles through the night, with deep sleep early on and more REM toward morning Sleep proceeds in cycles of REM and NREM, the order normally being N1 →N2 →N3 →N2 → REM There is a greater amount of deep sleep (stage N3) early in the night, while the proportion of REM sleep increases later in the night and just before naturalawakening IInnssoommnniiaa ■ IInnssoommnniiaa is a symptom of any of several sleep disorders, characterized by persistent difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep despite the opportunity. Insomnia is a symptom, not a stand- alone diagnosis or a disease. By definition, insomnia is difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep, or both and it may be due to inadequate quality or quantity of sleep. It is typically followe by functional impairmentwhile awa e. Both organic and non-organic insomnia without other cause constitute a sleep disorder, primary insomnia. ■ According to the United StatesDepartment of Health and Human Services in the year 2007, approximately 64 million Americans regularly suffer from insomnia each year. Insomnia is 1.4 timesmore common in women than in men. RReeaaddiinngg 11 ■ Why do people always feel logy on Monday? ■ In what ways does exercise help to reduce stress? ■ What is the appropriate time for the schedule