汉语言-“上善若水”的处世观.docVIP

PAGE PAGE II “上善若水”的处世观 中文摘要 《道德经》是通过论述宇宙本体，万物之源和运动规律的“道”来解释宇宙万物的演变。认为“道”不仅是指宇宙间的客观自然规律和法则，也是人生的最高法则，是效法自然之道的为人处世的方法。全书大体可分为“论道体”、“讲道理”、“说修道”、“明事理”、“善治国用兵”、“学处世及修养”六个哲学范畴。在“学处世及修养”这个范畴中的“上善若水”思想中讲述了水具有善利不争、柔弱胜刚、谦下包容的特性，在这些特性中又反映出了水的“七善三能”。 水所具有的“善利不争”的德行旨在寻求一个互利共赢的方式方法达到成果共享、利益共享，让它在我们日常生活中时刻发挥着它的影响。水所具有的“柔弱胜刚”的意志旨在说明一个人应该善于自我定位，做到能屈能伸和进退自如。水所具有的“谦下包容”的气度旨在说明我们在为人处世中应该具备如水般的海纳百川的心胸，如水般的谦下处卑。 本文将从关于《道德经》中“水”的解读、“上善若水”的处世哲学、“上善若水”的现实意义为研究重点，体悟水“善利不争”、“柔弱胜刚”和“谦下包容”的品性，以此借鉴水的品性学习老子为人处世哲学的智慧。 关键词：老子；《道德经》；上善若水；处世观；善利不争；柔弱胜刚；谦下包容  Abstract The Tao Te Jing explains the evolution of the universe by discussing the universe itself， the origin of all things and the Tao of the law of motion. It is believed that Tao is not only the objective natural law and law between the universe， but also the highest law of life， and the way to live in the world by following the Tao of Nature. The whole book can be roughly divided into six philosophical categories: discussing Taoist style， reasoning， practicing Taoism， enlightening reason， managing the country well and using troops， learning to conduct life and cultivation. In the category of learning to live and cultivate， the thought of being good as water tells us that water has the characteristics of being good and unyielding， weak and tough， humble and tolerant. In these characteristics， it also reflects the seven good and three abilities of water. The virtue of no competition for good and benefit of water is to seek a mutually beneficial and win-win way to achieve the sharing of results and benefits， so that it can always play its role in our daily life. The purpose of water is to show that a person should be good at self-positioning and be able to move forward and backward freely. The humility and tolerance of water aims to show that we should have a mind like water and humility like water in our life. This paper will focus on the interpretation of water in the Tao Te Ching， the philosophy of good as water and the practical si