高中英语语法（十三）.docxVIP

高中英语语法（十三） 1 并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 ⒈ 由and 连接主语时 and 连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数 ① 并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数 如：Like many others,the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold.小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子。 ② 并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式 如：The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting.那位教授兼作家正在会上发言。 His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe.他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行。 注意：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只用一个冠词；指不同的需要分别加冠词；但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可 如：the writer and the educator have visited our school. the writer and educator has visited our school. A boy and girl are playing tennis. ③ 并列主语前有each,every,many a，no等修饰时谓语动词用单数 如：Each doctor and (each)nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients. Every man,woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity. Every boy and (every)girl admires him for his fine sense of humour. Many a boy and (many a)girl has made the same mistake. No boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里 注意：many a跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多 如：Many a student was disappointed after seeing the movie. ④ 并列主语为不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数 如：A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up. The knife and fork has been washed. War and peace is a constant theme in history. 注意；常被视为主体的结构 A cup and saucer一副杯碟 A horse and car马车 Aknife and fork一副刀叉 A law and rule法规 A needle and thread一套针线 Fish and chips炸鱼加炸薯条 The stars and stripes星条旗 ⒉ 由（either)…or或neither…nor等连接的主语时 由either…or；neither…nor；or；not only…but(also)…连接主语时，谓语动词陈述句中就近原则 如：Either you or Jane is to be sent to New York. Neither you nor he has finished the experiment. Not only the old farmer but also his family were friendly to me. Not only his friends but also he himself is looking forward to taking part in the party. ⒊ 主语由肯定否定两部分构成谓语跟肯定部分走 如：Not you but I am to answer the question. I,not you,am to answer the question. 2 单一主语的主谓一致 ⒈ 名词本身自带s作主语时，谓语动词用单数 ① 学科名词：physics物理；mathematics/maths 数学；economics 经济学；politics政治学；新闻news；体操Gymnastics 如：As we know,Physics is a fundamenta