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外研社英语一起四年级上语法总结及练习题 祈使句 表达说话人对对方的叮嘱、劝告、请求或命令等,往往有表示请求、命令、希望、禁止、劝告等意思. 祈使句一般没有主语,实际上是省略了主语“You”.句末用感叹号或句号,用降调朗读.肯定结构都以动词原形开头. 祈使句的肯定句式有三种形式,即 1)Do 型（以行为动词原形开头）,例如：Sit down 坐下! Stand up 起立! 2)Be 型（以 be 开头）,例如：Be quiet！ 安静! 3)Let 型 （以 let 开头）,例如：Let me help you. 祈使句的否定结构是以“Don’t＋动词原形”开头.例如： Don’t go there,please． 请别去那儿. Don’t be late． 不要迟到 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 (not, be) late. (dust) the dressing table. (not, speak) with your mouth full of food. (not, talk) and (read) a book. (not, drop) the nice vase, Sam. (look) out! A car is coming. (give) us ten years and just see what our country will be like. (not, let) the baby cry. (open) the window and (shut) the door. Let’s (sweep) the floor. 根据要求改写句子 Will you please read it again more slowly? （改为祈使句） again more slowly, please. Please sit next to Nancy. （改为否定句） next to Nancy. Come to my house tomorrow. （改为否定句） come to my house tomorrow. Wear the glasses! （改为否定句） wear the glasses! Don’t wash your hands! (改成肯定句) your hands! 一般过去时 时间状语： yesterday， morning(afternoon, evening)等 由“last+一时间名词”构成的短语：last night, last year (winter, month, week)等 由“时间段+ago”构成的短语：a moment ago, a short time ago, an hour ago 等 其它：just now 等 Was，were 的一般过去时构成： 肯定句式：主语 + be(was , were) + 其它. 否定句式：主语 + be(was , were) + not + 其它. 一般疑问句：Be(was , were) + 主语 + 其它？ 肯定回答: Yes, 主语+ be(was , were) 否定回答：No, 主语 + be(was , were) + not. 含有实义动词（行为动词）的一般过去时的主结构： 构成： 肯定句：主语+动词的过去时+其它。 否定句：主语+did+not+动词原形+其它。did not 缩写为 didn’t 一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其它？ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它? 动词的适当形式填空 I My mother up at half past six this morning. (get) a lot of fruit yesterday afternoon. (buy) They a meeting yesterday. (not have) The twins thirteen two years ago. (be) I (have) an exciting party last weekend. They all (go) to the mountains yesterday morning. She (not visit) her aunt last weekend. She (stay) at home. He (work) in that bank four years ago. I (see) him yesterday. The boy (have) a bad cold yesterday. He (tell) a story to his daughter yesterd