名校版 高考英语综合训练题含答案kk.docxVIP

名校版 高考英语综合训练题含答案 （2023届青岛开学卷）Winter may be seen as the time to fill up with comfort food, but in fact, the sunny summer months are when men eat more calories-unlike women. “The effect may occur because sunlight makes the skin release an appetite-stimulating hormone called ghrelin(饥饿激素),” says Carmit Levy at Tel Aviv University. Levy and her team noticed the unexpected effect in experiments in mice that investigated mechanisms(机制)behind skin cancer, in which male animals exposed to UV light ate more food. To see if humans do the same, the researchers used existing data on 3,000 people who had filled in dietary questionnaires as part of the government’s regular national health and nutrition survey. Between March and September, men consumed about 17 percent more calories per day than they did during the rest of the year while women’s food intake stayed about the same. Human appetite is influenced by many systems, but ghrelin seems to be the only hormone that directly stimulates eating. It was thought to be mainly?secreted?by the stomach when empty. “It tells the brain to eat more,” says Caroline Gorvin at the University of Birmingham. Further investigation revealed that exposing male mice to UVB radiation raised levels of ghrelin secretion by fat cells in their skin. Boosted levels of ghrelin were also seen in skin samples that were taken from men and exposed to UV light in the lab. Gorvin says the skin hadn’t previously been thought to play a role in appetite. “If it’s real, it’s quite exciting and we should spare no efforts to get to the bottom,” she says. It is unclear why the effect happens, but it may be an adaptive response to fuel greater physical activity in summer, says Gorvin. “As the largest organ of the body, it makes sense that the skin can sense the environment, sensing that there is UV now, that now is the time to go out.” 12. What can we learn about the effect from paragraph 1? A. Humans tend to eat more food in winter. B. Our skin contains a hormone th