化学反应工程课件.pptxVIP

典型化工过程Typical chemical pocess;The history of Chemical Reaction Engineering ;The branches of Chemical Reaction Engineering;化学反应工程的基本任务;化学反应器的操作方式;流(气、液)固反应器;绝热式固定床反应器;滴流床反应器;搅拌釜式反应器;鼓泡塔反应器;;几种催化剂种类;催化剂内的流动传递现象;反应工程的结构;反应工程的基础;催化裂化的发展历史;催化裂化反应器的变迁I;催化裂化反应器的变迁II;下行式FCC过程工艺技术的研究 微分反应器评价 模型实验研究 反应产物组成 = f (原料油组成, T, t, 催化剂) 23万吨/年下行式FCC工业装置的研究 概念设计 补充实验研究 基础设计 合作开发 (济南炼厂、中石化北京设计院);能源环境工程;燃料电池;*;;References;  均相反应动力学  ;2.1 反应速率方程 2.1 The Rate Equation;The minus sign means disappearing;均相反应速率定义：单位时间内，单位体积反应混合物中某一组分i的反应量（或生成量）。;Caution 1 2;Caution 3;Caution 4;Caution 5;Based on unit mass of solid in fluid-solid systems;Based on unit volume of solid in gas-solid systems;In homogenous systems, the volume of fluid in the reactor is often identical to the volume of reactor. In such case V and VR are identical and Eqs2.1-7 and 2.1-11 are used interchangeable. In heterogeneous systems all above definitions of reaction rate encountered, the definition used in any particular situation often being a matter of convenience;From Eqs2.1-7 and 2.1-11 these intensive definitions of reaction rate are related by;The conversion 转化率;微分上式;2.1.2 Kinetics of Homogeneous Reaction;Suppose a homogeneous irreversible reaction ; n= α+β Where α,β are not necessarily related to the stoichiometric coefficients. We call the powers to which the concentrations are raised the order of the reaction. Thus, the reaction is αth order with respect to A βth order with respect to B nth order overall;速率常数 kRate Constant k;2.1.3 Arrhenius’ Law;For such reaction the temperature-dependent term, the reaction rate constant, has been found in practically all cases to be well represented by Arrhenius’ Law: k=k0e-E/RT Where: k0 frequency or pre-exponential factor E Activation energy At two different temperatures, Arrhenius’ Law indicates that ;Activation energy and temperature dependency;Example:Milk is pasteurized if it is heated to 63℃ for 30 min, but if it is heated