(1.4.6)--1.6 Shear Stress and Strain材料力学材料力学.pptVIP

Chapter 1 Tension, Compression and Shear Mechanics of Materials1.6 Shear Stress and Strain Shear StressActs tangential to the surface of a material.Diagonal bracing for an elevated walkway showing a clevis and a pin in double shear. Double Shearbearing stressBearing Area: projected area of the curved bearing surface.shear stress: highest near the center and become zero at certain locations on the edges. Single Sheara bolt loaded almost to fracture in single shear Average Shear StressDouble shearSingle shearV = PV = P/2Shear forceArea of the cross sectionEquality of Shear Stresses on Perpendicular PlanesShear stresses on adjacent have directions pointing toward, or both point away from, the line of intersection of the faces.PureShear Shear Strain The shear stresses produce a change in the shape of the element.The angle γ is a measure of the distortion, or change in shape, of the element and is called the Shear Strain. Sign ConventionsA shear stress acting on a positive face of an element is positive if it acts in the positive direction of the coordinate axis.Shear strain in an element is positive when the angle between two positive faces (or two negative faces) is reduced.+++--- Hooke’s Law in ShearG is the Shear Modulus of Elasticity or Modulus of RigidityE, G, and v are not independent elastic properties of the material.For mild steel, typical values of G are 75 GPa; for aluminum alloys, typical values are 28 Gpa.Shear Stress-Strain Diagram Direct shear test or Torsion testlinearly elastic region Example 1What is the average shear stress in the plate and the average compressive stress in the punch? What is the average shear stress in the elastomer and the horizontal displacement of the plate?Example 2 End