情态动词的常考点.pdfVIP

情态动词的常考点(modalverbs)

一、情态动词的基本意义及用法

1、can和could——表示“能力、请求、许可”等，意思为“能，能够”

Jimisn’tverygoodatmathsofscience,buthecanspeakEnglishverywell.(能力)

Ourhistorytestwassolonglastweekthatnoonecouldfinishit.(能力)

CouldyoupleaseshowmethewaytoBeihaiPark?(请求)

Itwasthelastdayofschool,buttheteachersaidthatwecouldnotleaveearly.(许可)

注：

1)、表示请求时，could比can要委婉；但在回答别人的请求时，则不能用could。

CouldIborrowyourdictionary?

Yes,ofcourseyoucan.

2)、can和beableto:都可以表示能力，意思上没有区别。但can只有现在式和过去式(could)，而

beableto则有过去时、现在式和将来式(willbeableto)。

3)、could和was/wereableto的区别

was/wereableto表示（过去成功地）能够做某事，相当于succeededindoingsth./managedtodosth.

而could仅表示过去具备某种能力，成功与否则不知道。

Hecouldswimbutthatafternoonhewasn’tabletoswimacrosstheriver.

Tenpassengerswereabletosurvivetheaircrash.

2、may和might——表示“请求、许可”等，意思为“可以”

MayIhavealookatyournewcamera?(请求)

Youmaygonow.(许可)

HesaidthatImightusehiscellphone.(许可)

否定形式为maynot，也可用mustn’t来代替。

MayIgowithmyfriendstotheharvestfestival?

Yes,youmay./No,youmustn’t./No,youmaynot./No,you’dbetternot.

3、will和would——表示“意愿；请求”，意思为“会；愿意”

I’mgoingtothelibrary.Willyougowithme?(意愿)

Ifyouwillwaitforhalfanhour,youwillseehim(意愿)

Theysaidthattheywouldhelpus.(意愿)

Hewon’tgowithus.(意愿，表“拒绝，不愿意”。再如：Thedoorwon’topen./Mycarwon’tstart.)

Would/Willyoupleasegiveusahand?(请求，would比will委婉)

would还可以表示“过去的习惯”

Myunclewaspoorbutlikedfashion,sohewouldoftendressupasarichman.

Duringthevacation,hewouldvisitmeeveryweek.

Hewouldgoswimminginsummerwhenhewasinthecountryside.

4、shall和should

1）shall用在一、三人称的疑问句中，表征求对方意见或请求指示

Whatshall