话题03 科学与技术22篇（原卷版）--阅读理解题型一阅读理解六年（2017-2022）高考英语真题高频话题文体分类汇编详解（全国通用）.docxVIP

话题03科学与技术22篇

序号

内容

微话题1

Passage1-13科学研究

微话题2

Passage14-21发明创造

微话题3

Passage22科普知识

微话题1：科学研究

Passage1

（2022全国甲卷B篇）Goffin’scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveprovedskilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.Inarecentexperiment,cockatooswerepresentedwithaboxwithanutinsideit.Theclearfrontoftheboxhada“keyhole”inageometricshape,andthebirdsweregivenfivedifferentlyshaped“keys”tochoosefrom.Insertingthecorrect“key”wouldletoutthenut.

Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearofage,butitwillbeanotheryearbeforetheyareabletodothesamewithlesssymmetrical(对称的)shapes.Thisabilitytorecognizethatashapewillneedtobeturnedinaspecificdirectionbeforeitwillfitiscalledan“allocentricframeofreference”.Intheexperiment,Goffin’scockatooswereabletoselecttherighttoolforthejob,inmostcases,byvisualrecognitionalone.Wheretrial-and-errorwasused,thecockatoosdidbetterthanmonkeysinsimilartests.ThisindicatesthatGoffin’scockatoosdoindeedpossessanallocentricframeofreferencewhenmovingobjectsinspace,similartotwo-year-oldbabies.

Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualclues(线索),oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.

1．Howdidthecockatoosgetthenutfromtheboxintheexperiment?

A．Byfollowinginstructions. B．Byusingatool.

C．Byturningtheboxaround. D．Byremovingthelid.

2．Whichtaskcanhumanone-year-oldsmostlikelycompleteaccordingtothetext?

A．Usingakeytounlockadoor. B．Tellingparrotsfromotherbirds.

C．Puttingaballintoaroundhole. D．Groupingtoysofdifferentshapes.

3．Whatdoesthefollow-uptestaimtofindoutaboutthecockato