浅谈中英文的语言学差异.pptVIP

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M:WasntSamsspeechgreat!(↙)W:Areyouserious?Q:WhatdoesthemansayaboutSamsspeech?[A]Samsspeechwasntgreat,wasit?[B]Samsspeechwasgreat,wasntit?[C]Samgaveaseriousspeech.[D]Samwasnotserious.KEY:(B)A:AreyougoingtowatchTVagain?B:Whatelseistheretodo?(↗)ComparewithBsnarrativeversion“theresnothingelsetodo.”tounderstandthefunctionofintonation.Thefall-risetonecombinesthefallingtonesmeaningof“assertion,certainity”withtherisingtonesmeaning“dependence,incompleteness”.Attheendofasentence,itoftenconveysafeelingofreservation;atthebeginningorinthemiddleofasentence,itisamoreforcefulalternativetotherisingtone,expressingtheassertionofonepoint,togetherwiththeimplicationthatanotherpointistofollow.M:DoyouthinkPettyisqualifiedtodothejob?W:IfPettyisnot(↙),whois?(↗)Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?[A]Pettyisnotqualifiedforthejob.[B]Nobodyisqualifiedforthejob.[C]Pettyiswellqualifiedforthejob.[D]AllexceptPettyarequalifiedforthejob.KEY:(C)a)Toshowemphasis;b)toexpressemotion;c)todistinguish;Youmaynotgo.Youmaynotgo.你不可以去。你可以不去。Allcatsdontlikewater.(↙)Allcatsdontlikewater.(↗)猫都不喜欢水。猫并不都喜欢水。Asubtledifferencecanbeconveyedbyintonationandstressworkingtogether.Ididntleavehome(↗),becauseIwasafraidofmyfather.(↙)IdidntleavehomebecauseIwasafraidofmyfather.(V)Yousaidhewouldcome.(↙)Yousaidhewouldcome.(↙)Yousaid(V)hewouldcome.PasssivevoiceissuchapopularwayinEnglishexpressingthatithasalmostbecomeabusive.AsS.Bakerjustfingeredout:“Ourmassed,scientificandbureaucraticsocietyissoaddictedtothepassivevoicethatyoumustconstantlyalertyourselfagainstitsdrowsy,impersonalpomp.“(1985:121)Themurdererwascaughtyesterday,anditissaidthathewillbehanged.凶手已于昨天被捕,据说他将会被绞死。(Theagentisunknown.)Shetoldmethathe

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