2011 英语二 Text1 (modified two answers and adding more content to the original test paper) 含答案 2023 6 11 final.docxVIP

英语二2011Text1【BDDAB】

介词短语 引导词 复合谓语/复合be动词

RuthSimmonsjoinedGoldmanSachs’sboardasanoutsidedirectorinJanuary2000;ayearlatershebecamepresidentofBrownUniversity.Fortherestofthedecade,sheapparentlymanagedbothroleswithoutattractingmuchcriticism.Butbytheendof2009,Ms.SimmonswasunderfireforhavingsatonGoldman’scompensationcommittee;howcouldshehaveletthoseenormousbonuspayoutspassunremarked?ByFebruarythefollowingyear,Ms.Simmonshaddecidednottostandforre-electiontothebank’sboardofdirectors,citingincreasingtimedemandsassociatedwithherpositionattheuniversity.SimmonshadalsobeenamemberofitsCorporateGovernanceandNominatingCommitteeofthebank.

Anoutsidedirectorisamemberofacompanys?boardofdirectors?whoisnotanemployeeorstakeholderinthecompanyandispaidanannual?retainerfee?intheformofcash,benefitsand/or?stockoptions.Corporategovernancestandardsrequirepubliccompaniestohaveacertainnumberorpercentageofoutsidedirectorsontheirboards.?Theyare,Intheory,morelikelytoprovideunbiasedopinions,andaresupposedtoserveashelpful,yetlessbiased,advisersonafirm’sboard.

Havingmadetheirwealthandtheirreputationselsewhere,theypresumablyhaveenoughindependencetodisagreewiththechiefexecutive’sproposals.Ifthesky,andtheshareprice,isfalling,outsidedirectorsshouldbeabletogiveadvicebasedonhavingweatheredtheirowncrises.

TheresearchersfromOhioUniversityusedadatabasethatcoveredmorethan10000firmsandmorethan64,000differentdirectorsbetween1989and2004.Thentheysimplycheckedwhichdirectorsstayfromoneproxystatementtothenext.Themostlikelyreasonfordepartingaboardwasage,sotheresearchersconcentratedonthose“surprise”disappearancesbydirectorsundertheageof70.Theyfoundthatafterasurprisedeparture,theprobabilitythatthecompanywillsub