圆柱坐标系三重积分在三维空间中点高数calc 14.pptx

14.6TripleIntegralsin

CylindricalCoordinates

CYLINDRICALCOORDINATESInthecylindricalcoordinatesystem,apointPinthree-dimensional(3-D)spaceisrepresentedbytheorderedtriple(r,θ,z),where:randθarepolar

coordinatesof

theprojectionofP

ontothexy–plane.zisthedirecteddistance

fromthexy-planetoP.

CYLINDRICALCOORDINATESToconvertfromcylindricaltorectangularcoordinates,weuse:

x=rcosθ

y=rsinθ

z=zr2=x2+y2

tanθ=y/x

z=zEquations1

CYLINDRICALCOORDINATESPlotthepointwithcylindricalcoordinates(2,2π/3,1)andfinditsrectangularcoordinates.Findcylindricalcoordinatesofthepoint

withrectangularcoordinates(3,–3,–7).Example1

CYLINDRICALCOORDINATESThepointwithcylindricalcoordinates

(2,2π/3,1)isplottedhere.Thepointis(–1,,1)

inrectangularcoordinates.Example1a

CYLINDRICALCOORDINATESFromEquations2,wehave:Therefore,onesetofcylindricalcoordinates

is:orExample1b

CYLINDRICALCOORDINATESCylindricalcoordinatesareusefulinproblemsthatinvolvesymmetryaboutanaxis,and

thez-axisischosentocoincidewiththisaxisofsymmetry.Forinstance,theaxisofthecircularcylinder

withCartesianequationx2+y2=c2isthez-axis.

CYLINDRICALCOORDINATESIncylindricalcoordinates,thiscylinderhas

theverysimpleequationr=c.Thisisthereasonforthename“cylindrical”coordinates.

cylinderHalfplaneplane

EVALUATINGTRIPLEINTEGS.WITHCYL.COORDS.SupposethatEisatype1regionwhoseprojectionDonthexy-planeisconvenientlydescribedin

polarcoordinates.

EVALUATINGTRIPLEINTEGRALSInparticular,supposethatfiscontinuous

and

E={(x,y,z)|(x,y)D,u1(x,y)≤z≤u2(x,y)}whereDisgiveninpolarcoordinatesby:

D={(r,θ)|α≤θ≤β,h1(θ)≤r≤h2(θ)}

EVALUA