“新经典”系列 语言学类 -- 英语发展史2. Old_English.ppt

OldEnglishVocabularyVikingwords:(over1,800words)anger,awkward,band,both,bull,cake,crawl,die,drag,dregs,egg,freckle,gasp,get,give,glitter,harbour,knife,loan,meek,muggy,muck,raise,ransack,reindeer,same,scowl,silver,sister,skirt,sky,smile,stack,steak,take,thrust,tight,want,weak,widow,they,them,their…OldEnglishVocabularyNotallVikingwordsreplacedOldEnglishwords.Infact,someoftheVikingwordsbegantoexistsidebysidewithOldEnglishwords:Norse:OldEnglish:ditch dykeskill craftwish wantscreech shrieknay no *VikingPersonalNamesPlaceNamesManyScandinavianpersonalnamescomefromthistime,especiallythoseendingin-son:Johnson,Anderson,Dickson,Thompson,Harrison,Wilson…Morethan1,500placenamesinEnglandhaveScandinavianorigins:-by →‘farm’or‘town’:Rugby,Whitby,Grimsby-thorpe →‘village’:Althorpe,Linthorpe-thwaite →‘isolatedarea’:Braithwaite,Langthwaite-toft →‘homestead’:Eastoft,Lowestoft,Sandtoft*VikingPlaceNamesDialectsTheFourMajorDialects*Northumbrianinthenorth*Mercianinthemidlands*WestSaxoninthesouthandwest*KentishinthesoutheastTheFourMajorDialects1.MostOldEnglishdocumentsarewritteninWestSaxon.2.ThereisnostandardsystemofspellinginOE,soscribesspellwordsthewaytheyaresoundedintheirpartofthecountry.(??)WhatOldEnglishLiteratureTimelineofOELiterature537KingArthurwaskilled.658Caedmonmadeversesoncreation(?).680Beowulfappeared.c700FirstOldEnglishtextsappeared.(RuthwellCross-TheDreamoftheRood;LindisfarneGospels;FranksCasket)c700CynewulfwroteandsignedfourAnglo-Saxonpoems:ChristII,Elene,TheFatesoftheApostles,andJuliana.C?dmonsonlyknownsurvivingworkisC?dmonsHymn,thenine-linealliterativevernacularpraisepoeminhonourofGodwhichhesupposedlylearnedtosinginhisinit