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欧阳学创编2020.03.03
欧阳学创编2020.03.03
SolutionKeytoSomeExercisesinChapter3
时间:2021.03.03
创作:欧阳学
#5.Determinethekernelandrangeofeachofthefollowinglineartransformationson
(a)
(b)
(c)
Solution(a)Let..
ifandonlyififandonlyif.Thus,
Therangeofis
(b)Let..
ifandonlyififandonlyifand.
Thus,
Therangeofis
(c)Let..
ifandonlyififandonlyifand.
Thus,
Therangeofis
备注:映射的核以及映射的像都是集合,应该以集合的记号来表达或者用文字来叙述.
#7.Letbethelinearmappingthatmapsintodefinedby
FindamatrixAsuchthat.
Solution
Hence,
#10.Letbethetransformationondefinedby
FindthematrixArepresentingwithrespectto
FindthematrixBrepresentingwithrespectto
FindthematrixSsuchthat
If,calculate.
Solution(a)
(b)
(c)
Thetransitionmatrixfromtois
,
(d)
#11.LetAandBbematrices.ShowthatifAissimilartoBthenthereexistmatricesSandT,withSnonsingular,suchthat
and.
ProofThereexistsanonsingularmatrixPsuchthat.Let,.Then
and.
#12.LetbealineartransformationonthevectorspaceVofdimensionn.Ifthereexistavectorvsuchthatand,showthat
(a)arelinearlyindependent.
(b)thereexistsabasisEforVsuchthatthematrixrepresentingwithrespecttothebasisEis
Proof
Supposethat
Then
Thatis,
Thus,mustbezerosince.
Thiswillimplythatmustbezerosince.
Byrepeatingtheprocessabove,weobtainthatmustbeallzero.Thisprovesthat
arelinearlyindependent.
Sincearenlinearlyindependent,theyformabasisforV.
Denote
…….
#13.IfAisanonzerosquarematrixandforsomepositiveintegerk,showthatAcannotbesimilartoadiagonalmatrix.
ProofSupposethatAissimilartoadiagonalmatrix.Thenforeach,thereexistsanonzerovectorsuchthat
since.
Thiswillimplythatfor.Thus,matrixAissimilartotheze
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