淹溺的急救课件讲解.pptx

淹溺的急救Drowningfirstaid主讲人：董兆君Speaker:DongZhaojun《应急救护技术》?Emergencyrescuetechnique

目录Contents淹溺的基本知识Thebasicknowledgeofdrowning淹溺的预防措施Preventivemeasuresfordrowning淹溺的案例分析Caseanalysisofdrowning淹溺的现场救护Drownedscenerescue

淹溺的基本知识Thebasicknowledgeofdrowning

淹溺的类型Typeofdrowning干性淹溺：10%Drydrowning:10%湿性淹溺：90%Wetdrowning:90%海水淹溺Waterdrowning淡水淹溺Freshwaterdrowning

淹溺又称溺水，是指人淹没于水中或其他液体中，由于液体、泥沙、水草等杂物充塞呼吸道及肺泡，或因惊恐、寒冷、异物等刺激发射性地引起喉痉挛，引起窒息和缺氧，如得不到及时抢救，可危及生命。Dwellingalsocalleddrowning,itistopointtothepersonsubmergedinwaterorotherliquid,becauseofliquid,sediment,waterplantsandothersundriesfillingrespiratorytractandalveoli,orbecauseofpanic,cold,foreignbodyandotherstimulationtocauselaryngealspasm,causesuffocationandhypoxia,ifnotgettimelyrescue,canendangerlife.什么是淹溺Drown？淹溺的概念

1干性淹溺Drydrowning入水后，强烈刺激（惊慌、恐惧、寒冷等）Afterenteringthewater,intensestimulation(panic,fear,cold,etc.)喉头痉挛laryngospasmus呼吸道完全梗阻Completeobstructionoftherespiratorytract窒息asphyxiate死亡death心肌缺氧myocardialanoxia反射性心搏骤停Reflectivecardiacarrest人man淹溺的类型Typeofdrowning

淹溺的急救海水（高渗盐水）Seawater(hypertonicsaline)上皮细胞和毛细血管内皮细胞受损Epithelialcellsandthecapillaryendothelialcellsweredamaged大量水分及蛋白质向肺间质和肺泡腔内渗出Largeamountsofwaterandproteinleakintothelunginterstitiumandalveolarspace急性非心源性肺水肿Acutenoncardiogenicpulmonaryoedema急性心力衰竭acuteheartfailure迅2湿性淹溺—海水Wetdrowning—seawater肺lungs肺组织内呈高渗状态Itshowsahypertonicstateinthelungtissue死亡death

迅2湿性淹溺—淡水Wetdrowning—freshwater血液稀释hemodilution低钠、低氯及低蛋白血症Lowsodium,lowchloride,andhypoproteinemia红细胞内血管凝血Vascularcoagulationwithintheerythrocytes室颤ventricularfibrillation急性肾衰竭acuterenalfailure高钾血症hyperkalemia死亡death过量游离血红蛋白堵塞肾小管Excessivefreehemoglobinblockstherenaltubules血液循环bloodcirculation淡水freshwater淹溺的类型Typeofdrowning

淹溺的危害Theharmofdrowning神经系统nervoussystem长时间缺氧会导致大脑损