2022年考研英语一阅读理解真题.pdf

2022年考研英语一阅读理解真题

2022年全国硕士讨论生入学统一考试英语(一)试题

Text2

Anoldsayinghasitthathalfofalladvertisingbudgetsare

wasted-thetroubleis,nooneknowswhichhalf.Intheinternet

age,atleastintheory,thisfractioncanbemuchreduced.By

watchingwhatpeoplesearchfor,clickonandsayonline,companies

canaim“behavioural”adsatthosemostlikelytobuy.

Inthepastcoupleofweeksaquarrelhasillustratedthevalue

toadvertisersofsuchfine-grainedinformation:Should

advertisersassumethatpeoplearehappytobetrackedandsent

behaviouralads?Orshouldtheyhaveexplicitpermission?

InDecember2022America”sFederalTradeCornmission(FTC)

proposedaddinga“donottrack“(DNT)optiontointernet

browsers,sothatuserscouldtelladwertisersthattheydidnot

wanttobefollowed.Microsoft”sInternetExplorerandApple”s

SafaribothofferDNT;Google”sChromeisduetodosothisyear.

InFebruarytheFTCandDigltalAdwertisingAlliance(DAA)agreed

thattheindustrywouldgetcrackingonrespongingtoDNTrequests.

OnMay31stMicrosoftSetofftherow:ItsaidthatInternet

Explorer10,theversionduetoappearwindows8,wouldhaveDNTas

adefault.

Itisnotyetclearhowadvertiserswillrespond.GetingaDNT

signaldoesnotobligeanyonetostoptracking,althoughsome

companieshavepromisedtodoso.Unabletotellwhethersomeone

reallyobjectstobehaviouraladsorwhethertheyarestickingwith

Microsoft’sdefault,somemayignoreaDNTsignalandpresson

anyway.

AlsouncleariswhyMicrosofthasgoneitalone.Atterall,it

hasanadbusinesstoo,whichitsayswillcomplywithDNTrequests,

thoughitisstillworking