托福简化句子题.ppt

lillian苑lillian苑lillian苑简化句子题Simplification找出主干：当我们完成对于长难句的句类判断时，我们就要开始对这个句子内部的逻辑关系进行分析。对于简单句来说，我们要找出这个句子的主干，也就是主谓宾语。句内逻辑：而对于复杂句来说，我们需要做的就是分析复杂句内部各分句之间的逻辑关系。在句子简化题中最常考的逻辑关系分别有四种：并列、因果、转折、比较。要判断逻辑关系，考生可以在阅读过程中寻找相应的逻辑词，如and、but、because等等。Iftheporesarelarge,thewaterinthemwillexistasdropstooheavyforsurfacetensiontohold,anditwilldrainaway;butiftheporesaresmallenough,thewaterinthemwillexistasthinfilms,toolighttoovercometheforceofsurfacetensionholdingtheminplace;thenthewaterwillbefirmlyheld.A.Surfacetensionisnotstrongenoughtoretaindropsofwaterinrockswithlargeporesbutitstrongenoughtoholdontothinfilmsofwaterinrockswithsmallpores.B.Waterinrocksisheldinplacebylargeporesanddrainsawayfromsmallsizeporesthroughsurfacetension.C.Smallporesandlargeporesbothinteractwithsurfacetensiontodeterminewhetherarockwillholdwaterasheavydropsorasathinfilm.D.Iftheforceofsurfacetensionistooweaktoholdwaterinplaceasheavydrops,thewaterwillcontinuetobeheldfirmlyinplaceasathinfilmwhenlargeporesexist.STEP1STEP2STEP3STEP4A选项存在转折逻辑词but，且讲到当孔大的时候水会变成水滴，but孔小的时候就变成薄膜。主干、逻辑齐全，故正确。B选项错在有主干，但缺少转折逻辑词。C选项也有主干，但是逻辑关系写成了并列and，但实际上应该是转折关系。D选项说当孔大的时候变成薄膜，这和原句的主干意思完全相反。原句中说水在孔大的时候应该变成水滴。Forexample,someearlysocietiesceasedtoconsidercertainritesessentialtotheirwell-beingandabandonedthem,nevertheless,theyretainedaspartsoftheiroraltraditionthemythsthathadgrownuparoundtheritesandadmiredthemfortheirartisticqualitiesratherthantheirreligioususefulness.Asociety’sritesweremorelikelytoberetainedintheoraltraditionifitsmythswereadmiredforartisticqualities.Theartisticqualityofamythwassometimesanessentialreasontytoabandonitfromtheoraltradition.Someearlysocietiesstoppedusingmythsintheirreligiouspracticeswhenritesceasedtobeseenasusefulf