跨文化交际选修课.ppt

InterculturalcommunicationSunWei

PresentationtwoCommunication03Metaphorofculture02Understandingofculture01

UnderstandingCultureWelearnourculturethroughproverbsOfferanimportantsetofinstructions

UnderstandingCultureWelearnourculturefromfolktales,legends,andmyths.TheEpicofGilgamesh吉尔伽美什史诗 Wencheng

UnderstandingCultureWelearnourculturethroughartArtisasymbolicwayofcommunicating

UnderstandingCultureWelearnedourculturethroughmassmedia

UnderstandingCultureCultureistransmittedfromgenerationtogeneration

MetaphorsforCultureThecultureiceberg文化冰山理论Likeaniceberg,thepartofculturethatisvisibleisonlyasmallpartofamuchbiggerwhole.Itissaidnine-tenthsofcultureisbelowthesurface(invisible).

Whatwecanseeaboutcultureisjustthetipoftheiceberg;themajorityofitisintangible,beyondsight.Thefollowingfigurecanshowuswhichpartsareabovethewaterlineandwhicharebelowthewaterline.viewsattitudespreferencelovehatredhabitscustomsFoodlanguagemusicclothesliterature

Intheouterlayer:thesymbolsandmaterialthewaypeoplearedressed(kimonoinJapan)thelanguagetheyspeak(Chinese,English,…）thecarstheydrivethefoodtheyeat（dumplings,fastfood,salad,...)Thehousestheylivein

symbolsHeroesritualsvaluesThreelevelsofculturethataremoreclearlyobservable:1)Theouterlevel:symbols,suchaswords,colororotherartifactsthatcarryaspecialmeaning2）Themiddlelevel:heroes,suchasadmiredpersonswhoserveasanexampleforbehavior3）Theinnernucleuslevel:rituals,suchaswaysofgreetingandpayingrespect.

表层最外表一层称象征物（Symbols），如服装、语言、Office风格等，人的肉眼能够很容易看见，就像洋葱的皮。.文化最表面的是“符号”。它其实就是一些词语，一些标志，就像女人穿在身上的衣服，抹在脸上的脂粉。洋葱的表层——表层文化是我们平时能观察到的东西。比如你去其他国家看见他们的服装与我们不同，他们的音乐各种曲风，听起来也不一样。他们吃牛肉鱼，喝啤酒，晚上下班不回家，与同事去酒吧。

中层第二层是英雄人物性格（Heroes），在一种文化里，人们崇拜的英雄的性格，多多少少代表了该文化大多数人的性格，这种精神内涵可以用果肉来比拟。包裹在符号之内就是“英雄”，英雄就是我们群体内那些体现了我们价值观的典型人物。01第三层是礼仪（Rituals），如日