2024年高考英语一轮复习Unit16Stories单元主题语篇训练一含解析北师大版选修6.docVIP

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Unit16单元主题语篇训练

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Letsbeginwiththestory:KingHierocontractstheancientGreekpolymathArchimedes(阿基米德)todetectfraudinthemanufactureofagoldencrown.Archimedesacceptsthechallengeand,duringasubsequenttriptothepublicbaths,realizesthatthemorehisbodysinksintothewater,themorewaterisdisplaced—makingthedisplacedwateranexactmeasureofhisvolume.

RealizinghehashituponamethodtodeterminewhethertheKingscrownwasmadeofgoldorsilver,theyoungGreekleapsoutofthebathandrusheshomenakedcrying“Eureka!Eureka！”Or,translated：“Ivefoundit!Ivefoundit！”

Toobad,however,Archimedesprobablyneverutteredthephraseinthatway.

Firstandforemost,Archimedeshimselfneverwroteaboutthisepisode,althoughhespentplentyoftimedetailingthelawsofbuoyancy(浮力)．Theoldestauthorityforthenaked-ArchimedeseurekastoryisVitruvius,aRomanwriter,whoincludedthetaleinhisintroductiontohisninthbookofarchitecture.“Vitruviusmayhavegottenitwrong，”saysChrisSchmitt,amathematicianattheUniversityofBerlinandaself-describedArchimedesfan.“ThemethodattributedtoArchimedesinthestoryworksintheorysoitsoundsright,butwhenyouactuallytryit,youfindthattherealworldgetsintheway.”

Infact,Schmittisoneofalonglineofscientists,includingGalileo,whohavereadtheaccountandthought,“Thatcantberight.”AsGalileowrote,Archimedescouldhaveachievedafarmorepreciseresultusinghisownlawofbuoyancyandanaccuratescale.Infact,thesurfacetensionofwatercanmakethevolumeofalightobjectlikeacrownimmeasurable.“Theremaybesometruthtoit，”Schmittadds.“Archimedesdidmeasurethevolumeofthingsbuttheeurekamomentwasmaybeduetohisoriginaldiscoveryconcerningbuoyance,nottosittinginthebathtubandthenrunningthroughthestreetsnaked.”

MuchlikeNewtonsapple,theexclamationpersistsbecauseoftheend