车钩缓冲装置KnowCouplerandDraftGear.pptx

车钩缓冲装置

KnowCouplerandDraftGear;车钩缓冲装置是车辆最基本的也是最重要的部件组合之一，其作用是连接机车车辆，减缓列车的纵向冲动(或冲击力)，连接列车风管。

Thecoupleranddraftgearisoneofthemostbasicandimportantcomponentsofavehicle，whichservestoconnecttherollingstock,slowdownthelongitudinalimpulse(orimpact)ofthetrain,andconnectthetrainduct.

牵引连挂+缓和冲击的作用由同一装置来承担的，那么该装置称之为牵引缓冲装置。分别由不同的装置来承担，则分别称之为牵引连挂装置和缓冲装置。牵引连挂装置用来保证动车和车辆彼此连接，并且传递和缓和拉伸(牵引)力的作用。缓冲装置用来传递和缓和压缩的作用，并且使车辆彼此之间保持一定的距离。

Thetraction,coupling,andimpactmitigationfunctionsmentionedaboveareundertakenbythesamedevice,thenthisdeviceiscalledatractionbufferdevice.Iftheirfunctionsareundertakenbydifferentdevices,theyarecalledtractioncouplingdevicesandbufferdevicesrespectively.Thetractioncouplingdeviceisusedtoconnect,transmit,andalleviatethetraction(stretching)forcebetweenvehicles;Thebufferdevice(bufferdisk)isusedtotransmitandmitigatetheimpact(compression)force,andtomaintainacertaindistancebetweenvehicles.;2.1车钩的分类Classificationofcoupler;2.1车钩的分类Classificationofcoupler;2.1车钩的分类Classificationofcoupler;刚性车钩减小了两连接车钩之间的间隙，从而大大降低了列车运行中的纵向冲动，提高了列车运行的平稳性，同时也降低了车钩零件的磨耗和噪声。另外，刚性车钩有可能同时实现车辆间的气路和电路的自动连接。非刚性车钩结构较简单，强度高，重量轻，与车体的连接较为简单。

Rigidcouplersreducethegapbetweenthetwoconnectingcouplers,whichgreatlyreducesthelongitudinalimpulseintrainoperation,improvesthesmoothnessoftrainoperation,andalsoreducesthewearandnoiseofthecouplerparts.Inaddition,rigidcouplershavethepotentialtosimultaneouslyrealizetheautomaticconnectionofairandelectricalcircuitsbetweenvehicles.Non-rigidcouplershaveasimplerstructure,highstrength,lightweight,andsimplerconnectionwiththevehiclebody.

我国铁路般客车、货车均采用非刚性的自动车钩,对于高速列车和城市的地铁、轻轨车辆则应采用刚性的自动车钩，即密接式车钩。

Chinasrailroadpassengercars,wagonsareusednon-rigidautomaticcoupler,forhigh-speedtrainsandurbansubway,lightrailvehiclesshouldbeusedrigidautomaticcoupler,i.e.,