代数测试与解决方案：2009年2月28日.pdfVIP

SMT2009AlgebraTestandSolutionsFebruary28,2009

1.Nomathtournamentexamiscompletewithoutaselfreferencingquestion.Whatistheproductof

thesmallestprimefactorofthenumberofwordsinthisproblemtimesthelargestprimefactorofthe

numberofwordsinthisproblem?

Answer:1681

Thereare41wordsintheproblemstatement.Since41isitselfaprime,theansweris412=1681.

2.KingMidasspent100%ofhisgolddeposityesterday.Heissettoearngoldtoday.Whatpercentage

x

oftheamountofgoldKingMidascurrentlyhaswouldheneedtoearntodaytoendupwithasmuch

goldashestarted?

Answer:100%

x−1

Afteryesterday,thefractionoftheinitialgoldremainingis1−1=x−1.Therefore,inordertotoreach

xx

theoriginalamountofgold,wemustmultiplybyx=1+1.Thus,thegoldmustbeincreased

x−1x−1

by100percent.

x−1

3.Findallintegerpairs(a,b)suchthatab+a−3b=5.

Answer:(5,0),(4,1),(1,−2),and(2,−3)

Wefactortheexpressionasfollows:

ab+a−3b−3=5−3

(a−3)(b+1)=2

Wecanuseatabletofindappropriatevaluesforaandb.

Thus,(5,0),(4,1),(1,−2),and(2,−3)arethedesiredsolutions.

b+1ab

a−3

2150