若干半环的结构和分类问题.pdfVIP

摘要

结构和分类是半环代数理论研究中的两个重要课题.本文探究了若干半环

的结构和分类问题.主要结果如下:

1.给出了半环上由任意二元关系生成同余的具体方法,得到了格林关系的

闭同余,由这些闭同余定义了一些半环类,证明了这些半环类是簇.

2.通过闭同余和开同余的方法构造了一些广义因子同余对,得到了加法正

则半环的次直积分解.作为应用,给出了加法正则带半环的次直积分解.并且定

义了加法正则半环类,证明了这些半环类是簇,进而建立了序嵌入定理.

3.给出了完全正则半环上同余的核和迹的等价刻画,并且从不同角度描述

了幂等纯同余和幂等分离同余,进而证明了完全正则半环上的同余被核和迹所

唯一确定.

关键词

半环,簇,同余,次直积,格林关系

I

Abstract

Structureandclassificationaretwoimportanttopicsinthetheoreticalstudy

ofsemiringalgebra.Inthisthesis,weinvestigatethestructureandclassification

ofseveralsemirings.Themainresultsareasfollows:

1.Thespecificmethodofgeneratingacongruencebyanybinaryrelation

onasemiringisgiven,theclosurecongruencesofGreen’srelationsareobtained,

severalsemiringclassesaredefinedbytheseclosurecongruences,anditisproved

thatthesesemiringclassesarevarieties.

2.Severalpairsofgeneralizedfactorcongruencesareconstructedbythe

methodsofclosurecongruencesandcongruenceopenings,andthesubdirec-

tproductdecompositionsofadditivelyregularsemiringsareobtained.Asan

application,thesubdirectproductdecompositionsofadditivelyregularband

semiringsaregiven.Theclassesofadditivelyregularsemiringsaredefined,and

thesesemiringclassesareprovedtobevarieties.Thenorderembeddingtheorems

areestablished.

3.Theequivalentcharacterizationsofkernelandtraceofacongruenceona

completelyregularsemiringaregiven,andtheidempotentpurecongruenceand

theidempotentseparationcongruencearedescribedfromdifferentangles,then

itisprovedthatthecongruenceonacompletelyregularsemiringisuniquely

determinedbyitskernelandtrace.