船舶定位与导航课件：测定风流压差.pptVIP

船舶定位与导航主讲人：ShipPositioningandNavigation测定风流压差Measurethedifferentialpressureofairflow.Presenter:SuTianfang

01连续观测定位法Continuousfixingpositionbyobservation02叠标导航法transitnavigation03雷达观测法Radarobservation04物标最小距离方位与正横方位法Closestpointbearingbearingandabeambearing目录Contents05单标三方位法threebearingofanobject

定向航行在一定时间内，测得3~5个观测船位，用平差方法以直线连接各观测船位，该直线即为航迹线CG，γ=CG—TC。Duringacertainperiodoftime,3-5observationpositionsaremeasuredduringdirectionalnavigation,andtheadjustmentmethodisusedtoconnecteachobservationpositionwithastraightline,whichisthetracklineCG,γ=CG-TC.连续观测定位法01ContinuousfixingpositionbyobservationγCG

选择一组适当的人工或自然叠标，操纵船舶沿着叠标线航行（观测该叠标两标重叠），则叠标线方位即为实际航迹向，其与真航向之差为风流压差。Selectasuitablesetofartificialornaturalmarkersandsteertheshipalongthemarkerline(observingtheoverlapofthetwomarkers).Thedirectionofthemarkerlineistheactualtrackdirection,andthedifferencebetweenitandthetrueheadingisthewindpressuredifference.叠标导航法02transitnavigationγγ

雷达观测法03Radarobservation采用船首向上相对运动显示方式，观测雷达屏幕上某一固定目标，则该目标的运动轨迹线与本船航迹线平行且反向，将该线平移到本船中心，其与船首线的交角即为γ。Byusingthedisplaymethodofupwardrelativemotionofthebowoftheship,observingafixedtargetontheradarscreen,themotiontrajectoryofthetargetisparallelandoppositetotheshipstrajectory.Bytranslatingthelinetothecenteroftheship,itsintersectionanglewiththebowlineisγ.05a1a2a3a4γ

在实际工作中，可以在物标正横之前连续观测前方物标的方位与距离，并在正横时测定其方位，我们就可以利用观测所得的方位距离数据，推断出最小距离方位，然后求出风流压差，进而求出航迹向。物标最小距离方位与正横方位法04ClosestpointbearingbearingandabeambearingTB┴=TC±90°γ=CG－TC=TBDmin－TB┴=CG±90°TBDminCGTCNTNTTBDminTB┴γγ

在船舶定速定向航行，如风流影响不变，并在不同时刻测得某物标的三个方位值，即可求得实测航迹向和风流压差。单标三方位法05threebearingofanobject方法如图：MABCHBL1t1BL2t2BL3t3t2－t1t3－t2MAAB=

单标三方位求航迹向的精度只取决于观测方位线以及作图的误差，与物标的误差无关，实际上，只要观测的是同一个物标，即使作图时出现了物标选择上的错误，仍然能够保证航迹向不产生错误。单标三方位法05threebearingofanobjectBL1t1BL2t2BL3t3

测定风流压差06Measurethedifferentialpressureofaircurrent.