【外刊精读】少眠长寿之谜：文化重塑睡眠需求法则.docx

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2025-12-03 发布于河南
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【外刊精读】少眠长寿之谜：文化重塑睡眠需求法则.docx

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【外刊精读】少眠长寿之谜：文化重塑睡眠需求法则

一、文本泛读

InJapan,latenightsareawayoflife—thefinaltrainsofthenightareoftenpackedwithpeopletravelingbackhomeinthemidnighthoursfromworkoranightout.Infact,studiesconsistentlyfindthatpeoplelivinginJapangetfarfewerwinkspernightthanpeoplelivinginotherpartsoftheworld.Andyet,Japanalsohasthelongestaveragelifespanofanyoftheworld’smostadvancedeconomies.Therearealotofelderlypeopleoutandabout.Thispresentsaparadox.Sleepresearchhasconsistentlyshownthatpeoplewhosleepfewerhourssufferpoorerhealthoutcomesandevenliveshorterlives.SohowcanJapanesepeoplesleepsolittleandstillseemtothriveintooldage?

ChristineOu,anassistantprofessorattheUniversityofVictoriaSchoolofNursinginCanada,togetherwithherhusbandStevenHeine,aprofessorofculturalpsychologyattheUniversityofBritishColumbia,decidedtodiveintothisquestionofhowculturallydistinctdifferencesinsleepdurationimpacthealthwithastudyof5,000peoplefrom20differentcountries.

Togetherwithateamofotherresearchers,theyfoundthattherangeofsleeptimevariedwidelyfrom6hoursand18minutespernightforJapanto7hoursand52minutespernightforFrance(theUnitedStateswasnearthelowendofthespectrumofsleepduration,withabout7hourseachnight).

Butwhentheylookedattherelationshipbetweenindividuals’healthandtheirsleephabits,controllingforfactorslikesmokinganddietarynutrition,theyfoundtheamountofsleepneededforoptimalhealthwaslowerforpeoplefromcountrieswithshorteraveragesleeptimes.Theyalsofoundthatpeoplefromcountriesthathaveshorteraveragesleepdurationsdidnothaveshorterlifeexpectancies,norhigherratesofheartdiseaseordiabetes.Theseshort—sleepingculturesactuallyhadlowerratesofobesitythanpeoplelivingincountrieswithlongeraveragesleept