强迫症定义、量表及治疗研究综述.pdfVIP

Anxietydisorders(Obsessionandcompulsions)

Definitions

→Obsession:arecurringandpersistentthoughtthatinterfereswithnormalbehaviors

→Compulsion:arecurringactionaisforcedtoenact

→OCD:irresistiblethoughtsandactionsmustbeactedon

Measure

→MOCI:self-report/forced-choice/30questions/4sub-sca(checking,cleaning,

slowness,doubting)

Casestudy

→CharbyRapoport(1989)/drugAnafranil/behavioralmanagementprogram

Exnations

→Biological:lowserotoninlevel/abnormalfunctioningoffrontalcortexandcaudate

nuclei

→Behavioral:associateathingwith/learntoavoid/performritualityto

reduce

→Cognitive:unabletoignoreunusualthoughts/believetobeabletocontrol/difficult

tothinkofanythingelse

→Psychodynamic:conflictweenidandego/createanxiety

Treatments

→Medical:clomipramine/increaseactivityofserotonin/60%pximprove/75%relapse

→Psychodynamic:talking/freeassociation/dreamanalysis

→Behavioral:ExposureandResponsePrevention—exposedto/relax/noneedto

performrituality/removalofthecompulsion

→Cognitive:reinterpretandre-evaluatethoughts/whatisbelievedisnottrue

EvaluationTopics

Usefulness

→Useful:drugtreatmentimprovethesymptomsof60%px/releaseanxiety

→Uses:drugtreatmentcannotremovethecauseofOCD,andpxhavehigh

likelihoodtorelapseafterstoppingdrugtreatments.

Psychometrictest

焦虑症（强迫症和强迫症）

定义

→痴迷：干扰正常行为的反复出现且持续的想法→强迫：一个人采取的反

复行动→强迫症：必须采取行动的不可抗拒的想法和行动

措施

→MOCI：自我报告/强制选择/30个问题/4个子量表（检查、清洁、缓慢、怀疑）

案例研究

→CharbyRapoport(1989)/药物Anafranil/行为管理计划

说明

→生物学：素水平低/额叶皮层和尾状核功能异常→行为：将某件事与恐惧

联系起来/学会避免恐惧/进行仪式以减少恐惧→认知：