师范、翻译方向英语语法第二课.pptVIP

EnglishGrammar

英语语法

第二讲

五大基本句型（根据谓语动词的类型）：1.“主-动-补”（SVC）句型：在这种句型中，谓语动词是以be为主的连系动词（LinkingVerb）,后面跟主语补语（SubjectComplement）。e.gTheseorangeshavekeptfresh.

2.“主-动”（SV）句型：在这种句型中，谓语动词为不及物动词（IntransitiveVerb）。e.gTomhasleft.

3.“主-动-宾”（SVO）句型：在这种句型中，谓语动词为只带一个宾语的及物动词，这种动词被称为单宾语及物动词（MonotransitiveVerb）。e.gHekeptthemoney.

4.“主-动-间宾-直宾”（SVOiOd）句型：在这一句型中，谓语动词为能带一个间接宾语和一个直接宾语的及物动词，这类动词被称为双宾语及物动词（DitransitiveVerb）。e.gShallIleaveyouthecamera?

1.陈述句（declarativesentence）:Adeclarativesentencemakesastatement.Itusuallyendswithaperiod.Thistypeofsentenceisthemostfrequentlyusedinspeakingandwriting.

2.祈使句（imperativesentences）:Aimperativesentencegivesacommandormakesarequest.Animperativesentenceusuallyendswithaperiod.Inimperativesentences,thesubjectyouisunderstood.

3.疑问句（interrogativesentences）:Aninterrogativesentenceasksaquestion.Aninterrogativesentenceusuallyendswithaquestionmark.4.感叹句（exclamatorysentences）:Anexclamatorysentenceexpressesstrongemotion.Anexclamatorysentenceendswithanexclamationpoint.

附加疑问句(TagQuestion):前肯后否；前否后肯主语部分：1.Everybodyknowsit,doesnthe/dontthey?2.Everythingisready,isntit?3.Onecantbetoocarelful,canone/canyou?4.Iamsilly,arentI?5.Theressomethingwrong,isntthere?

谓语动词部分：1.Sheseldomgoestothepark,doesshe?(hardly,never,rarely,few,little,scarcely)2.Youhave(拥有)aBenz,havent/dontyou?3.Ioftenhaveheadache,dontI?

谓语动词部分含有情态助动词时：1.Heusedtodrinkalot,usednt/didnthe?2.Wemustnt(义务)littereverywhere,mustwe?3.Youmust(必要，应该)gohomeatonce,mustnt/needntyou?

4.Thelightisstillon,soshemust(推测)beathome,isntshe?5.Hemust(推测)havewaitedhereforalongtime,hasnthe?6.Itswetoutside.Itmust(推测)haverainedlastnight,didntit?

主从复合句：1.ShesaidthatIwasright,didntshe?2.Ibelievethatyouarethebest,arentyou?(Isuppose,Ithink,Isuspect,Iimagine,Iguess,Iexpec