中国文化概况Chapter3 Chinese Arts.pptVIP

3.6Folkperformingarts3.6.1QuyiQuyiisageneraltermforallkindsoftalkingandsingingarts.Itderivedfromoralliterature,thetalkingandsingingperformancesofancientpeople.Therearestillabout300typesofQuyibeingperformedinChina,includingcrosstalk(相声),clappertalk(快板),pingshu(评书),andshortplay(小品).Crosstalkisoneofthemostpopularandinfluentialtypesofquyi.Itsperformanceischaracterisedbytalking,imitation,fun-making,andsinging(说、学、逗、唱).Satireisitsmainpurpose.Thestagepropsarequitesimple,atable,afan,orahandkerchiefisoftenadequate.Itcouldbeperformedbyoneortwo,orevenbyagroup.However,normally,acomicdialogueisperformedbytwopeople.Theusualpatternisthatoneisastraightmanthatasksquestionsandtheothergivesfunnyanswers.ClapperTalkisafolkartform.Clappertalkperformersusuallydelivercomicrhymesormonologuestotheaccompanimentofbambooclappers.Pingshuisakindofstorytelling,withpingshuperformersaddingtheirowncommentariestosubjectsandcharacters.So,theaudienceisoftennotonlyentertainedbutalsoeducatedandenlightened.Thissimpleartformhasonlyasingleperformerstandingorsittingatatable,usingagavel(醒木)orafoldedfanasaprop(道具).Short-playperformances,about15minutesinlength,werefirstpopularizedwhentelevisednationallyin1983.Itisregardedasoneofthemostlivelyandbest-receivedartformsinChina.Theshort,brisk,humorous,andoftenpungentcomicplayshavebeenpopularitemsonChina’sSpringFestivalGalaShow(春节联欢晚会)formorethan20years.TheChinesepuppetplayisconsideredtobeginintheHandynastyandrisetoprominenceintheTangdynasty.3.6.2TheChinesepuppetplayWitha2,000yearhistory,theChinesepuppetplaycombineselementsofsinging,dancing,painting,andsculpture.Inpuppetplays,actorsorspecially-trainedoperatorsmanipulatethepu