清华大学机械工程课程PPTCH15-SME-EngMater.pptVIP

Chapter8–MagneticProperties:MagneticMaterialsManyofourmoderntechnologicaldevicesrelyonmagnetismandmagneticmaterials.Electricalmotors,generators,andtransformers;Datastorage:computerharddisks,videoandaudiocassettes;Radios,televisions,telephones,CDplayers,loudspeakers;MagneticseparationtechniquesinbioengineeringandDNAsequencing.

15.1Magnetism:BasicConcepts?Magneticfieldstrength,H(A/m):?Magneticinduction,ormagneticfluxdensity,B(Wb/m2)?Magneticpermeability,?(Wb/A-m,orH/m):B=?H?Relativepermeability,?r:where?0isthepermeabilityofavacuum,1.257?10-6H/m,and?isthepermeabilityofasolidmaterial.?Intensityofmagnetizationofasolid,M(A/m):?Magneticsusceptibility,?m:B=?H=?0H+?0MM=(?r-1)H=?mH?r=?/?0

15.1Magnetism:MagneticDipolesandTypesofMagnetismorbitalmotionspinning?Diamagnetism:inallmaterials;veryweak,?montheorderof–10-6?Paramagnetism:somematerials;veryweak,?m10-6–10-2?Ferromagnetism:?-Fe,Co,Ni,andsomerareearthmetals(Gd);strong,?mashighas106?Antiferromagnetism:Mn,Cr,MnO,NiO;veryweak.?Ferrimagnetism:ceramics(ferrites):MFe2O4,orM2+O2--(Fe3+)2(O2-)3.M2+representsFe2+,Ni2+,Mn2+,Co2+,andCu2+.Weakerthanferromagnetism.InduceddipolesPermanentdipoles

15.1Magnetism:MagneticDipolesandTypesofMagnetismFerromagnetismFerrimagnetismAntiferromagnetismFe3O4MnODiamagnetismParamagnetism

15.2Domains,Magnetization,Demagnetization,andHysteresisLoopSmall-volumeregionsinwhichmagneticdipolemomentsaremutuallyalignedinaparalleldirection;ExistbelowTc(Curietemperature:768?C,1120?C,335?C,and585?CforFe,Co,Ni,andFe3O4,respectively);Foranyferro-orferri-magnet