组织心理学前沿 彭凯平.ppt

* Dr. Kaiping Peng Peking University Culture and Cognition: Make Sense the Sense-making in Everyday Context Kaiping Peng, Ph.D. University of California at Berkeley Peking University 彭凯平博士 加州大学伯克利分校心理学系终身教授，博导 北京大学心理学系客座教授 北京大学光化管理学院管理科学国际博士导师 What is culture? Visible dimension Nationality, Ethnicity, Language Invisible dimension Value, Self, Meaning System, Styles and Temperaments What is cognition? The mental processes by which people make sense of their everyday life, including attention, memory, categorization, inference, judgment, decision making and problem solving. Why Culture Affects Cognition Language Sapiro-Wholf Hypothesis Bloom: Chinese language and Counterfactual Reasoning Knowledge Assumption, Beliefs, Desires Contexts Which one is bigger? Which one is bigger now? What we know, empirically, about cultural differences in judgment and decision making? Contextual Explanation Illusory correlation Overconfidence in probability Hindsight biases Consequential orientation Field dependence in perception Na?ve dialectics Bounded rationality Explanation Why did Lu Gang Kill? Will Joe help? Morris Peng, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1994 Lee, et al, 1996, Benett, et al, 2002; Hong et al, 2001; Peng Knowles, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 2003 Illusory correlation Chinese tend to have a high tendency to perceive two unrelated events as related. I always pick the slowest line It always rains when I just washed my car Ji, Peng, Nisbest, JPSP, 2000 Overconfidence in probability Yates et al, 1989; 2000 Weber Hess, 1998 Wang, 2002 Hindsight biases The Monday Morning Quarterbacks Choi Nisbett, 2000 Consequential orientations The mistake of Moral Luck Grist Peng, Journal of Contemporary China, 2001 Levinson Peng, Southern California Law Review, 2003 Peng Knowles, JPSP, under review Field Dependency Can you sit straight? Ji, Peng, Nisbett, JPSP, 2000 Na?ve dialecticism Peng Nisbett, American