气井天然气水合物的形成原理探讨及防治方法论文.doc

摘　要 (又称可燃冰)作为特定区域的新型烃类资源，是在一定温压条件下，由水与天然气(主要是甲烷气)结合形成的一种外观似冰的白色结晶固体。它主要赋存于深海陆坡和陆隆的浅部沉积层内。作为未来能源，它具有清洁、能量密度高、分布广、规模大、埋深浅、成藏物化条件好等特点。我国的南海陆坡、陆隆区，具有被动大陆边缘构造特征，分布有许多含油气沉积盆地。晚中新世以来，这些盆地的区域沉降剧烈，构造活动平静，沉积速率大，海洋有机物沉积十分丰富，具有天然气水合物形成的物源、温度压力、构造等地质和成矿条件。1999 年以来，广州海洋地质调查局在南海北部东沙、神狐、西沙和琼东南4个海域实施了9 年的水合物专项调查，完成18个航次的综合调查与研究， ( 拟海底反射层，即BSR)、地质标志和地球化学标志，于2007 年5月成功钻获天然气水合物样品，成为继美国、日本、印度之后第4个采到水合物实物样品的国家。 关键词: 天然气水合物；地震反射标志“BSR”；南海北部 　 　 　 　 　 Abstract Set out from mechanism and form of the decay of H2S，CO2，with the Sichuan Gao Han2 H2S， CO2 the natural gas electroplate towards drilling to adopt a decay of equipments for example，analyze more and in common usely，hot immerse to plate， spray organic coating etc。technique in the antisepsis realm of importance function。Along with further development of surface technique，hot spray a technique to also display its special function in the antisepsis realm，it main is make use of bear causticity good，combine strength Gao of the metal alloy of Ni Ji，metals porcelain and ceramics etc。material conduct and actions overlay a material to protection drill to adopt an equipments。Aim at some natural gas well steel pipe different from common pipeline of decay facial look，adoption 7% Yan shoot and its ash connection analysis of the method decay break to the piping of the reason carried on analysis。Research the result enunciation，89+ and water cause steel pipe occurrence electricity chemistry decay， but natural gas of blunt eclipse function in addition play this process，two of common the function be the main reason which result in spirit well steel pipe decay damage。 Because the oil-field investigate extension of explore the realm，the heat high pressures problem become one of the most outstanding technique hard nut to cracks in the artesian well over well homework。Practicing a certificate is an all widespread existence abnormality the problem of the heat and high pressure，and have to distribute wide， pressure variety scope big of characteristics。Petroleu