whetten_dms07_student_03.pptVIP

Prentice Hall 2008 Chapter 3: Solving Problems Analytically and Creatively Learning Objectives Increase proficiency in analytic problem solving Recognize personal conceptual blocks Enhance creativity by overcoming conceptual blocks Foster innovation among others A Model of Problem Solving Step 1: Define the Problem Differentiate fact from opinion Specify underlying causes Tap everyone involved for information State the problem explicitly Identify what standard is violated Determine whose problem it is Avoid stating the problem as a disguised solution A Model of Problem Solving Step 2: Generate Alternative Solutions Postpone evaluating alternatives Be sure all involved individuals generate alternatives Specify alternatives that are consistent with goals Specify both short- and long-term solutions Build on others’ ideas Specify alternatives that solve the problem A Model of Problem Solving Step 3: Evaluate and Select an Alternative Evaluate relative to an optimal standard Evaluate systematically Evaluate relative to goals Evaluate main effects and side effects State the selected alternative explicitly A Model of Problem Solving Step 4: Implement and Follow Up on the Solution Implement at proper time and in the right sequence Provide opportunities for feedback Engender acceptance Establish ongoing monitoring system Evaluate based on problem solution Constraints on the Analytical Problem-Solving Model Defining the problems Lack of consensus on the problem Acceptance of problem definition Symptoms are often confused with the real problem Confusing information Constraints on the Analytical Problem-Solving Model Generating Alternatives Alternatives are evaluated as they are proposed Few possible alternatives are usually known The first acceptable solution is usually accepted Alternatives are based on what was successful in the past Constraints on the Analytical Problem-Solving Model Evaluating and Select an Alternative Information on alternatives is limited S