英语：Unit 1语法-介词（牛津译林版选修7）.docVIP

介词 介词是一种用来表示词与词, 词与句之间的关系的词。在句中不能单独作句字成分。介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句作它的宾语。介词和它的宾语构成介词词组，在句中作主语, 状语，表语，补语或介词宾语。 介词分类： 1 简单介词 about, across, after, against, among, around, at, below, beyond, during, in, on 2 合成介词 inside, into, onto, out of, outside, throughout, upon, within, without 3 短语介词 according to, because of, instead of, up to, due to, owing to, thanks to 4 双重介词 from among, from behind, from under, till after, in between 介词短语 1）介词与动词搭配 arrive in/at到达 ask for要，请求 do well in在……方面做得好 give in投降 go on继续 hear from收到……来信 leave for离开一地去另一地 send for派人去请 look for寻找 deal/do with处置，对待 belong to属于 write to写信给…… 2）介词与名词搭配 in time及时 on time准时，按时 in front of在……前面 with a smile带着微笑 at all压根儿 at the beginning of在……开始 at the end of在……结尾 in a word总而言之，一句话 in order to为了，以便 on one hand …on the other hand一方面……另一方面 on the radio通过无线电广播  to one’s surprise/joy使某人吃惊/高兴 3)介词与形容词、过去分词和动词等搭配 be good at擅长…… be angry with sb. 对某人生气 be angry at sth. 为某事生气 be satisfied with sth.对某事感到满意 be tired of讨厌……／厌倦…… be interested in对……感兴趣 take part in参加 take care of照顾，关心，保管 be busy with忙于…… be strict with对……严格要求 catch up with跟上，赶上 have nothing to do with与……无关 3.看似相同，但意义有别的词组 英语中有一些介词词组和动词词组，它们从形式上看似乎基本相同，但在意义上却截然不同。要是我们在记忆上对这类词组不加以重视，使用时就很容易望文生义，甚至张冠李戴。为此，把这类词组归纳如下： 1）介词词组 at table在进餐 at the table在桌子旁（=beside the desk）  at desk在读书或做作业 at the desk在书桌旁  at school在校上学（指学生） at the school在学校（指教职工）  in front of the bus在公共汽车的前面（不在车上） in the front of the bus在公共汽车里面（在车上）  in prison坐牢 in the prison在监狱  in red穿着红色的衣服 in the red负债，亏损  in hospital住院（指病人） in the hospital（因事）在医院  out of office离职 out of the office离开办公室  2）含有介词的动词词组 come out of hospital（病好）出院 come out of the hospital（因事）从医院里出来 come out of prison（刑满）释放 come out of the prison（因事）从监狱里出来  go to college上大学 go to the/a college去一所学校（办事）  go to bed上床睡觉 go to the bed去床边  go to sea当海员 go to the sea去海边  go to church做礼拜 go to the church（因事）去教堂  keep house管理