汽车制动系统毕业设计外文翻译——中英文翻译

附录1 英文原文 Automobile Brake System The braking system is the most important system in cars.If the brakes fail,the result can be disastrous.Brakes are actually energy conversion devices, which convert the kinetic energy (momentum) of the vehicle into thermal energy (heat).When stepping on the brakes,the driver commands a stopping force ten times as powerful as the force that puts the car in motion.The braking system can exert thousands of pounds of pressure on each of the four brakes. Two complete independent braking systems are used on the car.They are the service brake and the parking brake. The service brake acts to slow,stop,or hold the vehicle during normal driving.They are foot-operated by the driver depressing and releasing the brake pedal.The primary purpose of the brake is to hold the vehicle stationary while it is unattended.The parking brake is mechanically operated by when a separate parking brake foot pedal or hand lever is set. The brake system is composed of the following basic components:the “master cylinder”which is located under the hood,and is directly connected to the brake pedal,converts driver foot’s mechanical pressure into hydraulic pressure.Steel“brake lines”and flexible“brake hoses”connect the master cylinder to the “slave cylinders” located at each wheel. Brake fluid，specially designed to work in extreme conditions,fills the system.“Shoes”and“pads”are pushed by the slave cylinders to contact the“drums”and“rotors”thus causing drag,which (hopefully) slows the car. In most modern brake systems (see Figure 15.1),there is a fluid-filled cylinder,called master cylinder,which contains two separate sections,there is a piston in each section and both pistons are connected to a brake pedal in the driver’s compartment.When the brake is pushed down,brake fluid is sent from the master cylinder to the wheels.At the wheels,the fluid pushes shoes,or pads, against revolving drums or disks.The friction between the stationary shoes,or pads,and the revo