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ab级语法汇总.ppt

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Making sentences 1) 如果他明天来这里,我一定告诉他实情(tell him the truth.) 2)如果他现在在这里,一定会告诉我们该怎么做。(what to do) 3)如果我那时好好学习(study hard),我就能上北大了。(go to Peking University) 省略If的倒装句 当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时,if可以省略,这时条件从句要用倒装语序,即把were, should, had等词置于句首 Examples: Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. (If he had leant about computers…..) Were she here, she would agree with us. (If she were here…) Should he agree to go there, we would send him there. (If he should agree to go there…..)   非谓语动词 非谓语动词,又叫非限定动词,在句中不可单独用作谓语,它们不受主语的限定,没有人称和数的变化,具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,它在句中可以用作其它句子成分。非谓语动词有三种:不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词、过去分词)。 Scientists hope to find a cure for cancer. (宾语) Backpacking is popular among college students.(主语) People walking in poorly lighted areas at night should be extremely careful.(定语) Badly damaged cars should be mended by an experienced repairman . (定语) 动词不定式-作主语 动词不定式作主语时,句子的谓语动词常用单数,其位置有以下 两种:    (1)把不定式置于句首。 To get there by bike will take us half an hour.    (2)用it作形式主语,把真正的主语不定式置于句后,常用于下列句式中。    ①It+be+名词+to do =Its our duty to take good care of the old.   ②It takes sb+some time+to do=How long did it take you to finish the work?    ③It+be+形容词+for sb+to do=It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour.    ④It+be+形容词+of sb+to do =It is stupid of you to write down everything the teacher says.    ⑤It seems(appears)+形容词+to do =It seemed impossible to save money. 作宾语 (1)以下动词后,只能跟不定式作宾语    afford (付得起),agree(同意),aim(力求做到), appear(显得),arrange(安排),ask(要求),attempt (试图),care(想要),choose(决定),claim(声称),decide(决定),demand(要求),determine(决心),expect(期待),fail(未履行),help(帮助)hope(希望),learn(学会),manage(设法),neglect(疏忽),offer(主动提出),plan(计划),prepare(准备),pretend(假装),proceed(接着做),promise(答应),prove(证明),refuse(拒绝),seem(觉得好像),swear(发誓),tend(往往会),,volunteer(自愿做),want(想要),wish(希望) happen(碰巧)等   Examples:The driver failed to see the other car in time.    I happen to know the answer to your question 作宾语 (2) 动词+疑问词+ 不定式    decide,

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