自考英语二课文讲义.ppt

UNIT 2Text A　Black Holes 词汇精讲： 1 escape v.逃跑，避免 A lion has escaped from its cage. 一头狮子从笼子里跑出来了 2 exert: vt.用尽；尽力；运用；行使；施加，产生（影响等） 用法：exert pressure on sb.给…施加压力 She exerted herself all year to earn good marks.她整年努力以期获得好分数。 Hes been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my mind.他一直在施加种种压力要我改变主意。 Black holes exert very strong gravity.黑洞产生很强的引力。 3 explode v.爆炸，突发 explosion [iks?pl?un] n.?1?爆炸; 爆发?2?激增, 扩大? explosive [iks?pl?usiv] adj.?1?爆炸的, 爆发的?2?极易引起争论的?n.?爆炸物, 炸药 A bomb exploded at one of Londons busiest railway station this morning. 今天上午一颗炸弹在伦敦最繁忙的火车站爆炸了。 4 collapse , 崩溃 例句 参考教材第34-35页的 word Study 2 5 shrink: shrank, shrunk v.退缩；畏缩；n.收缩；缩小 用法：The gross national product shrank one percent last year.去年国民生产总值减少了1%。 shrink+副词/介词短语 ： That sweater shrank in the wash. The girl shrank back in fear. Shrink+名词： This detergent won’t shrink wool 这种洗洁剂不会使毛料收缩。 6 boundary n.分界线，边界 We crossed the state boundary at midnight. 我们在午夜穿过了州界。 7 constant adj.不断的，经常的；永恒的，始终如一 n..常数 He is in constant trouble with the police.他总是不断和警察惹麻烦。 There are no constants at all.根本没有不变的事物。 对比同义词： continual 时断时续的 It continually shrinks by the force of its own gravity continuous 连续不间断的 The brain needs a continuous supply of blood. 大脑需要不断的供血。 constant强调不变，永恒 8 implication: n.牵连；涉及；卷入；含意；暗示 派生词：imply v.暗示，含意 用法：She seemed by implication to acknowledge that fact.她似乎含蓄地承认了那事实。 The implication of your statement is that I was wrong.你这话的弦外之音是我错了。 9 launch: v.发射，发动 n.发射 The launch of the third man-made satellite turned to be a great success.第三枚航天器的发射结果是巨大成功。 In the 1980s our country launched a number of satellites.80年代我国发射了多颗卫星。 10 convincing : a.令人信服的；有说服力的； 派生词：convince v.使人信服，使… 相信 用法：She is very convincing .她很另人信服。 Convince sb.of sth.使某人确信某事； convince sb.that 从句 We failed to convince him of his mistakes.我们没能使他相信他是错误的。 Careful observation convinced them that it was so.仔细的观察使他们相信情况是这样的。 11 companion : n.同伴，同行，伴侣，同事 派生词：company n.同伴，陪伴 ； accompany v.陪同，陪伴 用法：He is a good companion on the