可控_活性自由基聚合接枝改性壳聚糖的研究进展.docVIP

  可控/活性自由基聚合接枝改性壳聚糖的研 究进展 黄伟，华道本** 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 （苏州大学材料与化学化工学部高分子科学与工程系医学部放射医学与防护学院， 江苏苏州 215123） 摘要：壳聚糖作为一种天然高分子材料，在生物医学及制药等领域有着广泛应用。壳聚糖通 过化学接枝改性引入高分子侧链能够改善其性能，扩大其应用范围。可控/活性自由基聚合 可以合成结构明确、分子量可控高分子，其在壳聚糖可控接枝改性方面有着重要应用。本文 综述了可控/活性自由基聚合技术用于壳聚糖接枝改性的研究进展。通过可逆加成-断裂链转 移自由基(RAFT)聚合可以采用“Graft from”， “Graft onto”，“Graft through”等三种方式接枝 改性壳聚糖；采用原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP) 接枝改性壳聚糖主要有 ATRP，SI-ATRP， AGET ATRP 以及 ATRP 与点击化学相结合等方法；利用氮氧稳定自由基聚合(NMP)接枝改 性壳聚糖的方法是首先合成壳聚糖 TEMPO 大分子引发剂，再引发苯乙烯类单体聚合。 关键词：高分子化学与物理；壳聚糖；可控/活性自由基聚合；接枝改性 中图分类号：O636.9 Progress on Graft Modification of Chitosan by Controlled/Living Radical Polymerization HUANG Wei, HUA Daoben (Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123) Abstract: Chitosan is one of the most important natural polymer materials, which has a wide range of applications in the biomedical and pharmaceutical fields. The property of chitosan can be improved by chemical grafting modification to expend its applications . The polymer with controlled molecular weight and well-defined structures can be synthesized by controlled / living radical polymerization, which can be used in graft modification on chitosan. This review focused on the progress on chitosan modification by controlled/living radical polymerization. By reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, “Graft from”, “Graft onto”, “Graft through” methods were used to graft modification of chitosan; using atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), graft modifications of chitosan included ATRP, SI-ATRP, AGET ATRP and the combination of ATRP and click chemistry; and chitosan was also modified via nitroxide-mediated radical polymerization (NMP) with chitosan-TEMPO macromolecular initiator. Key words: polymer chemistry and physics; chitosan; controlled/living radical polymerization; graft modification 引言 壳聚糖