基于蒸散发及排水控制的灌区节水潜力.docVIP

  基于蒸散发及排水控制的灌区节水潜力# 王建鹏1,2，崔远来1** （1. 武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室，武汉 430072； 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 2. 长江勘测规划设计研究院，武汉 430010） 摘要：基于改进 SWAT，以漳河灌区为背景，模拟分析了不同情景下蒸散发及排水比的变化，据此分析灌 区节水潜力。结果表明，水田蒸散发由大到小为淹灌、间歇灌溉和薄浅湿晒。现状条件下，研究区通过减 少蒸散发的理论节水率为 14.5%，但因有些无益蒸散发不能控制，实际节水潜力远小于该值。以区域总蒸 散发为基准，间歇灌溉和薄浅湿晒与淹灌相比，通过减少蒸散发的节水率分别为 1.6%和 2.4%。基于控制排 水，研究区现状条件下的理论节水率为 16%。塘堰汇流面积比例从现状的 30%提高到 50%，以毛入流量为 基准，研究区理论节水率及实际灌溉节水率分别为 3.8%和 1%，而传统的灌溉取水节水率为 19.9%，可见 不同计算方法时的节水潜力存在很大差异。 关键词：SWAT；节水潜力；蒸散发；排水比 中图分类号： S274 Water saving potential besed on ET and drainage control WANG Jianpeng1,2, CUI Yuanlai1 (1. State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072; 2. Changjiang Institute of Survey Planning and Research, Wuhan 430010) Abstract: This paper simulated the variation law of evaportranspiration(ET) and drainage fraction under different scenario in Zhanghe Irrigation District based on modified SWAT model, water-saving potential was then discussed. Results showed, paddy field ET under different irrigation mode in decreasing order is: continues flooding, alternate wet and dry, shallow wet and dry. In current situation of the research site, by reducing ET the theoretical water-saving rate can reach 14.5%, but actual water-saving potential by reducing ET can not reach the theoretical potential level considering uncontrolled unprofitable ET. Take regional total annual ET as benchmark, compare with continues flooding, water saving rate reduced by ET under alternate wet and dry is 1.6%,while shallow wet and dry is 2.4%. By using drainage control technique, in the research area in current situation, theoretical water-saving rate is 16%. When the area ratio between pond and watershed catchment area increases from the current 30% into 50%, take gross inflow irrigation amount as benchmark, the studied area’s theoretical water-saving rate is 3.8% and actual value is only 1%, while water-saving rate by traditional way is 19.9%(take irrigation water intake a