碳纳米葱的发展过程、形貌与结构、制备、分离和提纯、形成机理、性能与应用前景.docVIP

  碳纳米葱的发展过程、形貌与结构、制备、 分离和提纯、形成机理、性能与应用前景# 邹芹，王明智，李艳国，赵玉成** 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 （燕山大学亚稳材料制备技术与科学国家重点实验室，河北 秦皇岛 066004） 摘要：本文主要介绍碳纳米葱的发展过程、碳纳米葱的形貌与结构、碳纳米葱的制备、碳纳 米葱的分离和提纯、碳纳米葱的形成机理、碳纳米葱的性能与应用前景。C60 未表征前，已 观察到碳纳米葱，但并未受到重视，直到巴基葱发现后，碳纳米葱才在科学界引起轰动。碳 纳米葱是富勒烯家族中的一员，外表呈多面体结构，内部形如洋葱。经过多年的实验，发展 出多种制备碳纳米葱的新方法，如：电弧放电法、电子束辐照法、热处理法和含碳材料的催 化热解法。然而，对含有较多石墨层的碳纳米葱的分离和提纯仍是一个具有挑战性的课题。 本文介绍了几种比较常见的分离提纯碳纳米葱的方法。不同种类的碳纳米葱，其生长机理是 不同的，本文列举几种典型关于碳纳米葱生长机理的报道。碳纳米葱由于抗压性能较高且摩 擦系数小等特殊性能，使得其在润滑剂、橡胶增强剂、药物、光电和燃料电池制作等领域具 有重要而广阔的应用前景。 关键词：碳纳米葱；发展过程；形貌与结构；制备方法；分离和提纯；形成机理；性能与应 用前景 中图分类号：TB383 Development Process, Morphology and Structure, Fabrication Methods, Separation and Purification, Formation Mechanism, Properties and Applications of OLC ZOU Qin, WANG Mingzhi, LI Yanguo, ZHAO Yucheng (State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, HeBei QinHuangDao 066004) Abstract: The development process, morphology and structure, fabrication methods, separation and purification, formation mechanism, and properties and application prospect of onion-like carbon (OLC) are introduced in this paper. Before the characterization of C60, OLC had been observed, but haden’t been got attention. After the discovery of Bucky onions, OLC casused storm in the scientific community. OLC is a member of fullerene family, which appearance is a polyhedral, however, its internal shape is similar to onions. After years of experiments, a variety of preparing OLC new methods has been developed, such as arc discharge, electron beam irradiation, heat treatment, and catalytic pyrolysis of materials containing carbon. Whereas, separation and purification of OLC is still a challenging task containing many graphite layers. Several common separation and purification method of OLC are introduced in this paper. The growth mechanism is different for different types of OLC. Several typical growth mechanisms reported on OLC are listed in this paper. Because of the high compression performance, small fr