影响假设检验准确性的若干因素.pdfVIP

影响假设检验准确性的若干因素 摘 要 假设检验是人们在科学研究及生产生活实践中提出的一类非常重要的统计推 断问题。它利用样本的实际资料来检验事先对总体某些数量特征所作的假设是否可 信的一种统计分析方法。它的基本思想是首先对所研究的命题提出的一种假设—— 无显著差异的假设，并假定这一假设成立。然后，由此导出其必然的结果。假设检 验的目的在于判决原假设的总体和当前抽样所取自的总体是否发生了显著的差异。 但这种检验的准确性却受显著性水平α 的取值、备择假设的不同和样本容量大小等 因素的影响。因此，对假设检验准确性的研究在概率论与数理统计的理论研究和实 际应用中占有重要地位。论文主要是对前人的关于影响假设检验准确性的若干因素 α 的思想进行归纳总结，具体阐述显著性水平 的取值、备择假设的选择以及样本容 量大小的确定等因素对假设检验的准确性的影响，同时分别举出具有代表性的例 子，对这些因素在这几个例子中的作用进行分析，讨论了它们是如何影响假设检验 的准确性的，并对因此所产生的后果给出了如何应对的方法。 关键词：假设检验，准确性，显著性水平，备择假设，样本容量 I 影响假设检验准确性的若干因素 Abstract Hypothesis testing is a very important kind of statistical inference question at scientific research and practice, produce life for people. It is a statistical analysis method that uses samples of the actual data to test the credibility of the overall number of features some of the prior assumptions. The basic idea is first put forward by the study of a hypothetical proposition—no significant differences in assumptions, and on the assumption that the assumption is right. Then, it derived its inevitable result. Hypothesis testing is aimed at deciding whether there had been a significant difference between the total of the original assumption and the total current sample taken from. But this is affected by factors such as the significant level of the value of α, the difference of alternative assumptions and sample size capacity and so on. So, the accuracy of hypothesis testing research possess an important position in the theoretical investigation and practical application of mathematical statistics. Thesis primarily to summarize the idea of their predecessors f