枝型油溶性降粘剂的合成及降粘机理研究.docVIP

  枝型油溶性降粘剂的合成及降粘机理研究# 全红平，黄志宇，张太亮，鲁红升，崔荣华* （西南石油大学化学化工学院） 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 摘要：本文针对目前油溶性稠油降粘剂存在的针对性强和降粘效果差等问题，研制了一种枝 型油溶性原油降粘剂。该油溶性原油降粘剂的最佳合成条件为：乙二醇、环氧氯丙烷和十八 酰氯物质的量分数之比为 4:4:1.5，第一步主链反应温度为 110，反应时间为 8h，促进剂 N 质量分数为 1.4%；第二步接枝反应温度为 110，反应时间 14h。通过性能评价发现：该降 粘剂具有一定的广普性。由 XRD 和透射电镜发现该降粘剂的降粘机理是：原油降粘剂中的 极性基团可以和胶质沥青质形成氢键，另外由于降粘剂中含有长链烷基，这些烷基也可以吸 附一些胶质沥青质，有效的阻碍了它们的堆积，又由于降粘剂具有枝型结构可以更进一步的 将它们分散开来，达到降粘的目的。 关键词：稠油降粘剂；降粘；降粘机理；XRD；透射电镜 中图分类号：TE832 Research on synthesis of dendriform oil-soluble viscosity reductant and viscosity reducing mechanism QUAN Hongping, HUANG Zhiyu, ZHANG Tailiang, LU Hongsheng, CUI Ronghua (College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Southwest Petroleum University,Xindu,Sichuan 610500) Abstract: For the problems of present heavy oil soluble viscosity reductant, such as typically narrowly targeted implementations with little effect. The article designed a new kind of branch-type heavy oil soluble viscosity reducer. The optimal synthetic conditions were obtained by studying the factor of synthesis: the molar ratio of glycol, epichlorohydrin and stearyl chloride are 4:4:1.5; the first step of principal chain reaction temperature is 110℃, the reaction time is 8h and the accelerator N is 1.4%( mass fraction); the second step of graft reaction temperature is 110℃ and the reaction time is 14h. Performance evaluation found this reducer has good property of viscosity reduction for kinds of heavy oil. The viscosity reducing mechanism was studied by XRD and transmission electron microscope. The mechanism was as follows: the oil soluble viscosity reductant has polar groups, and there are hydrogen bond actions between the polar groups and colloid. Besides, the long-chain alkyl groups in reductant could adsorb a part of asphaltine and colloid, and then the reductant could inhibit the accumulation of asphaltine and colloid. As the reductant’s structure is dendriform, the dendriform reductant could separate asphaltine and colloid so as to the reductant has the