隧道岩爆的动力学机理及其控制的实验研究.pdfVIP

第 31 卷第 4 期 岩 土 力 学 Vol.31 No.4 2010 年 4 月 Rock and Soil Mechanics Apr. 2010 文章编号：1000－7598 (2010) 04 －1139－05 隧道岩爆的动力学机理及其 控制的实验研究 黄 锋 （同济大学地下建筑与工程系岩土及地下工程教育部重点实验室，上海 200092 ） 摘 要：隧道爆破开挖过程对隧道围岩的扰动，可以用弹性动力学的 Lamb 问题来描述。利用动态光弹性方法，对Lamb 模 型进行了验证，研究了冲击荷载下模型内应力波的传播、相互作用以及刻槽的拦截效应。结果表明：（1）冲击荷载作用下， 模型内传播的有 P 波、S 波和 Rayleigh 波，与 Lamb 模型的力学解答是一致的；（2 ）等差条纹图的分布规律，可以合理解释 岩爆高发区段与开挖面的位置关系，认为 P 波和 Rayleigh 波的致裂作用和传播规律是岩爆发生的重要因素；（3 ）在模型表面 的刻槽，可以实现对岩爆有突出贡献的Rayleigh 波的大量拦截，说明在隧道表面切槽的岩爆控制方法是可行的。 关 键 词：岩爆；动力学机制；Lamb 问题；控制方法；动光弹 中图分类号：TU 443 文献标识码：A Study about dynamic mechanism and controlling of rock-burst in tunnel by experiments HUANG Feng (Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of Mimistry Education, Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China) Abstract: The perturbation in the process of blasting excavation for tunnel construction can be studied by Lamb model belong to elastic kinetics. The case was simulated by photo-elastic experiments, which included the propagation, interaction laws and interception effects of slot obstacle. Some results were obtained as follows: (1) there are Pressure, Shear and Rayleigh waves under the action of impact load, which is similar to the mechanical answers of Lamb model. (2) From the fringe patterns, the effects of inducing fracture and laws of propagation about Pressure and Rayleigh waves are important factors for rock-burst mechanism, which can explain the space relationship between rock burst and face. (3) The slot on model surface can effectively intercept stress w