中山大学电路基础英文版课件Chapter7First-Order Circuits.ppt

CHAPTER 7  First-Order Circuits — Fundamentals of Electric circuit 　　　　　　　电路基础 7.1 INTRODUTION 7.2 THE SOURCE-FREE RC CIRCUIT 7.3 THE SOURCE-FREE RL CIRCUIT 7.4 SINGULARITY FUNCTIONS 7.5 STEP RESPONSE OF AN RC CIRCUIT 7.6 STEP RESPONSE OF AN RL CIRCUIT To find the inductor current i as the circuit response. 7.9 APPLICATIONS 7.9.1 Delay Circuits 7.9.2 Photoflash Unit 7.9.3 Relay Circuits 7.9.4 Automobile Ignition Circuit 7.10 SUMMARY 7. The step response is the response of the circuit to a sudden application of a dc current or voltage. Finding the step response of a first-order circuit requires the initial value x(0+), the final value x(∞), and the time constant .with these three items, we obtain the step response as A more general form of this equation is Or we may write it as 8. PSpice is very useful for obtaining the transient response of a circuit. 9. Four practical applications of RC and RL circuits are: a delay circuit, a photoflash unit, a relay circuit, and an automobile ignition circuit. is the natural response, transient response because it is a temporary response that will die out with time is steady-state response, because it remains a long time after the circuit is excited. The natural response or transient response is the circuit’s temporary response that will die out with time. The forced response or steady-state response is the behavior of the circuit a long time after an external excitation is applied The complete response The initial capacitor voltage . The final capacitor voltage . The time constant . 为换路后的 ，其 R 为从 C（或 L）两端看去的 Once we know x(0),x(x),and ,almost all the circuit problems in this chapter can be solved using the formula If the switch changes position at time The equation (即三要素法)applies only to step responses, that is, when the input excitation is constant EXAMPLE7.10 The switch in Fig.7.43 has been in position A for along time. At t=0, the switch moves