中世纪英国庄园习惯法的考察.pdf

摘 要 庄园习惯法是调整领主与农民关系的法律体系。它是中世纪庄园生活最重要 的制度支撑。 各种庄园习惯是在人身依附关系、土地保有制度和禁用权的基础上产生的， 并继承了马尔克公社时代的权利自治传统。 劳役地租的固定化、权利义务关系的合理化标志着庄园习惯法的形成。习惯 的成文化标志着庄园习惯法的成熟。 庄园习惯法主要包括三种类型的习惯：一是基于人身依附关系的习惯，二是 基于土地关系的习惯，三是基于禁用权的习惯。 庄园法庭的存在是庄园的核心特征之一，“无法庭，无庄园”，法庭的组织制 度与诉讼制度是庄园习惯法的重要内容。 庄园习惯法既是领主对农奴经济强制与超经济强制的重要工具，也是农民反 抗领主、争取自由的主要手段。庄园习惯法构成了 14 世纪以后英国普通法的重 要内容，并深深影响了其司法理论和司法实践。 【关键词】 中世纪英国 庄园习惯法 具体内容 Abstract The customary law of the manor is the law system adjusting the relation of Lord and farmer.It is the most important institution support of the English manor living. All manor customs are based on personal adhereing、land tenure、 bannal,and inherit mark traditions.the certain of labor、the rationali zation of right and duty indicated the form of the manor customs;The booked customs indicated the mature of the manor customs. The customary law of the manor include three styles customs.First,The customs based on personal adhereing;Second, The customs based on land tenure; Third,The customs based on banal.manor court is the core of the manor , “no court,no manor”，The organize and proceeding of court is important content of the manor customs. The manor customs is a tool through it lords control their villeinages and villeinages fight their lords. The customary law of the manor is important content of the king’s law after fourteen centery,and it affect judicature theory and practice. 【Keys】 medieval England The customary law of manor concrete content 目 录 第1章 导论 ………………………………………………………………………1 1.1国内外研究状况 ………………………………………………………………1 1.2选题意义和价值 ………………………………………………………………3 第2章 庄园习惯法的产生背景 …………………………………………………4 2.1人身依附关系 …………………………………………………………………4 2.2土地保有制度 …………………………………………………………………6