公共服务均等化视域下城乡学前教育均衡发展研究.docVIP

公共服务均等化视域下城乡学前教育均衡发展研究 中文摘要 基本公共服务均等化就是在一个国家内，处于不同地区的所有居民都能享受到大体相同的基本公共服务，政府及其公共财政要为不同利益集团、不同经济成分或不同社会阶层提供一视同仁的公共产品与公共服务，能够保证基本的生存权利和基本的发展权利。近些年，国家采取各种措施大力推进城乡公共服务均等化，逐步缩小城乡之间的差距，其中学前教育作为公共服务的一部分也受到越来越多的关注。目前我国学前教育的发展存在诸多问题，特别是在农村，学前教育的发展不容乐观。城乡学前教育资源配置不均等，硬件与软件方面的差距都很大。正式属于教育部门的公办园、示范园集中在城市或县一级，农村基本没有，而且学前教育办学质量不够高，农村幼儿不能接受优质的学前教育。学前教育整体上处于教育不公状态的主要原因是政府责任的缺失以及投入的不足，当前不少地方政府对学前教育的重要性认识不足，政府管理乏力，没有按照国家相应的政策要求把学前教育工作纳入本地经济和社会发展的总体规划中，特别使农村学前教育在政策上缺少了必要的政府支持。因此，要推进城乡学前教育的均衡发展，必须要强化政府公共服务的职能，加大学前教育投入力度,重点扶持农村学前教育的发展，恢复学前教育的公益性质。促进学前教育城乡均衡发展，这是推进城乡公共服务均等化的题中之义，也是构建社会主义和谐社会和全面建设小康社会的要求，关系到国家经济社会发展全局和社会的和谐稳定。 关键词：公共服务均等化；学前教育；均衡化 Abstract Equalization of?basic public services?means that, Within a country, in different parts of all residents to enjoy basic public services in much the same, and the government and its public finances need to provide equal treatment of public goods and public services for Different interest groups, different?sectors of the economy?or social?strata, in order to ensure the?basic survival?rights and?fundamental?right to development. In recent years,?the country has taken ?many measures to vigorously?promote the?equalization of urban and rural public?services, and gradually?narrow the?gap between?urban and rural areas. As one part of public service, the pre-school education?has also been?more and more attention. Currently, there are many problems in the development of?pre-school education, especially?in rural areas,?the development of?pre-school education?is not optimistic. The allocation of resources?between urban and rural?pre-school education is unequal, the gap between hardware and?software?are?great. The public garden, demonstration concentrated in the city or country level, while rural little. The pre-school education quality is not high enough, children can’t accept high-quality preschool education. The reason why urban and rural pre-school education is in the non-equalization is that our government is lack of responsibility and investm