Bose-Hubbard模型的动力学平均场理论.pdfVIP

论 文 摘 要 本文首先对Bose-Hubbard模型的各种研究进行了综述，包括模型的背景和 理论的研究。之后简要介绍动力学平均场理论并对其进一步发展做了概述。动 力学平均场理论（DMFT）被成功地应用于强关联费米子体系的研究，最近该理 论被推广到玻色子体系[Phys. Rev. B 77 , 235106 (2008)]。我们将玻色子DMFT 应用于Bose-Hubbard模型，该模型描述了格点上的相互作用玻色子。我们用精 确对角化方法作为杂质求解器，得到在Bethe格子上DMFT自洽解的格林函数，粒 子数占据密度，以及凝聚分量。可以得到体系的各种相：Mott绝缘体， Bose-Einstein凝聚相（BEC）和正常相。同时，我们得到了有限温度下Mott型 μ/ U −t / U 区域和正常相之间的crossover，以及BEC-正常相转变，绘制出了 平 μ − / U t / U 面和 平面的相图。另外，我们与以前的结果进行了比较，并讨论了 这些结果对实验的意义。 最后讨论了用平均场方法研究Bose-Fermi混合体系，并提出进一步研究的 方向。 关键词：Bose-Hubbard模型；动力学平均场理论；Mott绝缘体；Bose-Einstein 凝聚相 1 Abstract In this dissertation, we first present an introduction of the study on the Bose-Hubbard model, including the background and theoretical methods. Then we briefly introduce the dynamical mean field theory and its development. The dynamical mean field theory (DMFT), which is successful in the study of strongly correlated fermions, was recently extended to boson systems [Phys. Rev. B 77 , 235106 (2008)]. In this paper, we employ the bosonic DMFT to study the Bose Hubbard model which describes on-site interacting bosons in a lattice. Using exact diagonalization as the impurity solver, we get the DMFT solutions for the Greens function, the occupation density, as well as the condensate fraction on a Bethe lattice. Various phases are identified: the Mott insulator, the Bose- Einstein condensed (BEC) phase, and the normal phase. At finite temperatures, we obtain the crossover between the Mott-like regime and the normal phase, as well as the BEC-to-normal phase transition. Phase diagrams on the plane and on the