城镇应急避难场所建设研究——以乐清市中心区为例.pdfVIP

中文摘要 本文以乐清市中心区为例探索了目前城镇应急避难场所建设的现状。首先，基于国 内外相关的理论研究成果和实践经验，总结并归纳出可借鉴之处。而后，通过对乐清市 中心区应急避难场所的实地调查获得一手资料，并对其现状进行问题和原因的分析。最 后，基于分析的结果和对国内外大城市灾害管理经验的借鉴，对乐清市中心区应急避难 场所的完善建设和管理提出优化建议。 本研究的结果表明，目前乐清市中心区应急避难场所存在场所选择不科学、空间布 局不合理、场所的规模和数量不足、软硬件配套设施不齐全等问题，其根本原因是城乡 二元结构造成建设条件的先天不足、法律合法性和行政合法性不足和制度安排不合理。 在借鉴国内外先进经验的基础上，提出乐清市可以开展应急避难场所的专项规划，采用 平灾结合、就地取材的策略，充分利用现有的公共设施，分类分级开展场所建设，并形 成健全有序的管理机制，实现应急避难场所的可持续发展。 关键词：应急管理；灾害管理；防灾规划；应急避难场所 I Abstract This article takes the center area of Yueqing city for example, explores current situation of construction of emergency shelters. First of all, it bases on the domestic and overseas relevant theoretical research findings and practical experiences, to draw conclusions that can be used as reference. After that, firsthand material can be obtained through field investigation of emergency shelters in Yueqing city’s central district, and then analyzes the causes of present problems. In the end, based on analysis conclusions and disaster management experiences at home and abroad cities . This study gives suggestions to the perfection of Yueqing city central district emergency shelters construction and management optimization. The result of this study shows that, the current problems exist in Yueqing city’s central district emergency shelters are as follows: site selection is not scientific, space layout is unreasonable, the size and the number of site are in shortage, software and hardware facilities are not complete. The root cause can be concluded a s follows: congenital deficiency of construction conditions due to urban-rural dual structure, legal legitimacy and administrative legitimacy deficiency, and system arrangement is not reasonable. On the basis of advanced experience at home and abroad