英国对马来亚联邦的设想及结果(1942-1948).pdfVIP

论 文 摘 要 大英帝国从18世纪开始在马来亚实行殖民统治，他们以直接统治和间接统治 相结合的方式，与当地土邦苏丹合作，共同统治马来亚。二战的爆发打破了英国 的殖民统治，日本入侵马来亚后，从经济、政治、文化等各个方面对马来亚进行 改造，当日本战败撤退后，马来亚人民的思想已经开始转变，具备了初步反抗英 国殖民统治的意识。英国在没有了解当地变化的情况下，自己制定了《马来亚联 邦计划》，最终受到了马来族人的激烈反对，不得不以马来亚联合邦相代替。马来 亚联合邦计划实施两年多来，在马来亚得到的是一片反对之声，马华两族的矛盾 也随着该计划的实施而逐渐激化。但是该计划的实行，激发了马来族人的民族主 义热情，为马来亚之后的独立奠定了基础。 本文一共分为三个部分，第一部分是英国构想马来亚联邦计划的背景，在这 一部分中，主要论述了战前英国对马来亚的统治，日本占领时期对马来亚的影响 以及英国对战后马来亚联邦计划讨论的过程。 第二部分是马来亚联邦计划的主要内容以及实施后各方的反应。在这一部分 中主要从马来亚国内各个族群的角度来看马来亚联邦计划。 第三部分是对马来亚联邦计划实施后的影响做了一个分析和论述。主要从族 群关系和政党两方面来论述其影响。 关键词：英国 马来亚 马来亚联邦计划 殖民地 ABSTRACT From the 18th century, the British Empire have ruled Malaya, they co-ruled Malaya with sovereignty of the Malay Rulers in direct and indirect rules. The outbreak of the Second World War broken the British colonial rule. After the Japanese invasion of Malaya, they transform Malaya from the economic, political, cultural and other aspects. When Japan was defeated retreat, the Malayan Peoples thinking has started to change, have a preliminary sense of resistance to British colonial rule. Without any prejudgement of the shifting situation, Britain Government still put Malayan Union Plan into effect, which finally lead to a furious protest in Malaya and then they had to substitute Federation of Malaya for Malayan Union. However, the implementation of the plan is to stimulate the enthusiasm of the Malay ethnic nationalism, but it also to set a base to the independence of Malaya. In this paper, the text is divided into three parts. The first part is the background of the consequence of Britain to the Malayan Union after the Second World War. In the part, it mainly discusses the pre-war British rule in Malaya, the impact during Japanese occupation and the process of British discuss the post-war plan. The second part is the main contents of the Malayan Union Plan and the reaction after the implementation. This part