逻辑推理能力与空间想象力在解决化学图形计算题中的作用.pdfVIP

论 文 摘 要 研究探讨了逻辑推理能力、空间想象力与高中生解决化学图形计算题的能力的 关系，Bodner 和 Niaz 等人的系列研究已经表明逻辑推理能力和空间想象力对化学 学习有较大的影响。来自上海市两所重点中学的 93 名高三学生参与了这项研究，所 有的学生都完成了 ROT 和 GALT 两份测试问卷，来衡量他们的空间想象力和逻辑 推理能力，一周后，这些学生再进行化学图形计算题的专项测验（Chem ）。采用 SPSS 软件对这三份数据进行分析处理，独立样本的 T-检验的结果表明，空间想象力与逻 辑推理能力不存在显著性的性别差异； Pearson 积差相关分析结果表明 Chem 与 ROT 、GALT 有统计意义上显著的正相关，其相关系数分别为 0.336、0.361，同时， ROT 与 GALT 之间也有显著的正相关，相关系数为 0.215 ；进一步对数据进行多元 回归分析和通径分析，建立初步的标准化回归方程：Chem =5.886 + 0.303 ×GALT + 0.271 ×ROT ， GALT 与 ROT 对 Chem 的预测量为 20.1% ，其中，GALT 的影响力 更大，最后，建立通径模型图更准确地描述三者之间的关系。 关键词：逻辑推理能力，空间想象力，图形，计算题，化学 ABSTRACT This study explores the relationship among logical reasoning ability, spatial visualization ability and performance on solving chemistry graphic stoichiometric problems. A serial of studies by Bodner and Niaz show that logical reasoning ability and spatial visualization ability have a significant effect on chemistry learning. A total of 93 students from two key high schools in Shanghai were selected for this study. All students were given Purdue Visualization of Rotation test (ROT) to measure visual spatial ability, and Group Assessment of Logical Thinking test (GALT) to measure spatial visualization ability. A week later, students were given Chemistry graphic stoichiometric problems (Chem). Dealing with these three groups of datas with the help of SPSS ，the results of independent T-test analysis showed that ROT and GALT have any significant gender difference in samples; after Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient, it was found that there is a significant correlation of 0.336 between Chem and ROT, 0.361 between Chem and GALT, and, 0.215 between ROT and GALT; after Multiple